ArticleNature communications2016
Mohawk promotes the maintenance and regeneration of the outer annulus fibrosus of intervertebral discs.
Article in Nature communications, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- An annulus fibrosus anchored nanovector reprograms osteopontin driven macrophages in preclinical disc degeneration models.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Exercise-primed Trpv4+ progenitors sense mechanical to regulate graded transition in enthesis regeneration.Bone & joint research · 2026Article
- Sequential delivery of sinigrin and dabigatran by anMaterials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Single-Step Extrusion Printing of Microgrooved Annulus Fibrosus Scaffolds via Patterned Nozzles.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Mechanosensitive Ion Channel PIEZO1 Suppresses BMP2-Induced Ossification of the Annulus Fibrosus Cells.JOR spine · 2026Article
- Pyroptosis: mechanism and therapeutic strategies with intervertebral disc degeneration.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Integrated nanoindentation-Raman spectroscopy reveals microscale biomechanical and molecular biomarkers of early intervertebral disc degeneration in a rat model.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Exploring the Causes of Intervertebral Disc Annulus Fibrosus Impairment.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2025Review
- The protective effect and experimental research progress of pleotropic statins in intervertebral disc degeneration.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Review
- Molecular basis of individual locomotor function: Integrated understanding of gene expression regulation in the development and homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system.Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and biological sciences · 2025Review
- The Mkx- TGF-β pathway induced the development of the myodural bridge complex in SD rats.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Regenerative potential of mouse neonatal intervertebral disc depends on collagen crosslink density.iScience · 2024Article
- Establishment of intervertebral disc degeneration models; A review of the currently used models.Journal of orthopaedics · 2024Review
- The Mohawk homeobox gene represents a marker and osteo-inhibitory factor in calvarial suture osteoprogenitor cells.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- The Transcription Factor Mohawk Facilitates Skeletal Muscle Repair via Modulation of the Inflammatory Environment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Developmental morphogens direct human induced pluripotent stem cells toward an annulus fibrosus-like cell phenotype.JOR spine · 2024Article
- Intervertebral disc-intrinsic Hedgehog signaling maintains disc cell phenotypes and prevents disc degeneration through both cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Decoding Macrophage Subtypes to Engineer Modulating Hydrogels for the Alleviation of Intervertebral Disk Degeneration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Highly oriented hydrogels for tissue regeneration: design strategies, cellular mechanisms, and biomedical applications.Theranostics · 2024Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The main pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation involves disruption of the annulus fibrosus (AF) caused by ageing or excessive mechanical stress and the resulting prolapse of the nucleus pulposus. Owing to the avascular nature of the IVD and lack of understanding the mechanisms that maintain the IVD, current therapies do not lead to tissue regeneration. Here we show that homeobox protein Mohawk (Mkx) is a key transcription factor that regulates AF development, maintenance and regeneration. Mkx is mainly expressed in the outer AF (OAF) of humans and mice. In Mkx(-/-) mice, the OAF displays a deficiency of multiple tendon/ligament-related genes, a smaller OAF collagen fibril diameter and a more rapid progression of IVD degeneration compared with the wild type. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing Mkx promote functional AF regeneration in a mouse AF defect model, with abundant collagen fibril formation. Our results indicate a therapeutic strategy for AF regeneration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.