ArticleThe Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology2017
Human cytomegalovirus infection downregulates vitamin-D receptor in mammalian cells.
Article in The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential of Nutritional Immunity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Immune Modulatory Effects of Vitamin D on Herpesvirus Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Zika virus infection suppresses CYP24A1 and CAMP expression in human monocytes.Archives of virology · 2024Article
- The Distinct Regulation of the Vitamin D and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors in COVID-19.Nutrients · 2024Observational
- Cytomegalovirus results in poor graft function via bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Piscine Vitamin D Receptors Vdra/Vdrb in the Absence of Vitamin D Are Utilized by Grass Carp Reovirus for Promoting Viral Replication.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Human Cytomegalovirus Induces Vitamin-D Resistance In Vitro by Dysregulating the Transcriptional Repressor Snail.Viruses · 2022Article
- Vitamin D: A Role Also in Long COVID-19?Nutrients · 2022Review
- Hidden in plain sight: The effects of BCG vaccination in the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of medical virology · 2021Review
- Vitamin D Resistance as a Possible Cause of Autoimmune Diseases: A Hypothesis Confirmed by a Therapeutic High-Dose Vitamin D Protocol.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Protein Phosphatase 1 Regulates Human Cytomegalovirus Protein Translation by Restraining AMPK Signaling.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Controversial Effects of Vitamin D and Related Genes on Viral Infections, Pathogenesis, and Treatment Outcomes.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Insights Into the Role of Vitamin D as a Biomarker in Stem Cell Transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Article
- Vitamin D: is it important in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation? A review.Bone marrow transplantation · 2019Review
- Vitamin D Compounds Are Bactericidal against Streptococcus mutans and Target the Bacitracin-Associated Efflux System.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) is essential for the human body and involved in a wide variety of critical physiological processes including bone, muscle, and cardiovascular health, as well as innate immunity and antimicrobial responses. Here, we elucidated the significance of the VD system in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which is one of the most common opportunistic infections in immunocompromised or -suppressed patients. We found that expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) was downregulated in CMV-infected cells within 12h [hrs] post infection [p.i.] to 12% relative to VDR expression in mock-infected fibroblasts and did not recover during the CMV replication cycle of 96h. None of the biologically active metabolites of VD, cholecalciferol, calcidiol, or calcitriol, inhibit CMV replication significantly in human fibroblasts. In a feedback loop, expression of CYP24A1 dropped to 3% by 12h p.i. and expression of CYP27B1 increased gradually during the replication cycle of CMV to 970% probably as a consequence of VDR inhibition. VDR expression was not downregulated during influenza virus or adenovirus replication. The potent synthetic vitamin D analog EB-1089 was not able to inhibit CMV replication or antagonize its effect on VDR expression. Only CMV replication, and none of the other viral pathogens evaluated, inhibited the vitamin D system in vitro. In view of the pleiotropism of VDR, CMV-mediated downregulation may have far-reaching virological, immunological, and clinical implications and thus warrant further evaluations in vitro and in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.