ArticleNutrients2016
Accuracy of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) during Continuous and High-Intensity Interval Exercise in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
Article in Nutrients, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems, physical activity and sports in type 1 diabetes mellitus: joint guidelines of the DDG and ÖDG].Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Guideline
- Trial
- Trial
- Performance of the Freestyle Libre flash glucose monitoring (flash GM) system in individuals with type 1 diabetes: A secondary outcome analysis of a randomized crossover trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2019Trial
- Trial
- Lag Time Remains with Newer Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring Technology During Aerobic Exercise in Adults Living with Type 1 Diabetes.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2019Trial
- The Effects of Basal Insulin Suspension at the Start of Exercise on Blood Glucose Levels During Continuous Versus Circuit-Based Exercise in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes on Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2017Trial
- Management and Medical Care for Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Running a Marathon.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- 14. Children and Adolescents: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2025.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Review
- Analytical Performance of the Factory-Calibrated Flash Glucose Monitoring System FreeStyle Libre2Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Accuracy of CGM Systems During Continuous and Interval Exercise in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2022Article
- Protective effects of physical activity against health risks associated with type 1 diabetes: "Health benefits outweigh the risks".World journal of diabetes · 2022Review
- Fault Tolerant Strategies for Automated Insulin Delivery Considering the Human Component: Current and Future Perspectives.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2021Review
- Personalized Approach for the Management of Exercise-Related Glycemic Imbalances in Type 1 Diabetes: Comparison with Reference Method.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2021Article
- Time in Range for Closed-Loop Systems versus Standard of Care during Physical Exercise in People with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Contribution of Solid Food to Achieve Individual Nutritional Requirement during a Continuous 438 km Mountain Ultramarathon in Female Athlete.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Accuracy during Exercise Periods.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Changes in Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress Indicators and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor After Maximum-Intensity Exercise Assessing Aerobic Capacity in Males With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Continuous exercise (CON) and high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) can be safely performed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Additionally, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems may serve as a tool to reduce the risk of exercise-induced hypoglycemia. It is unclear if CGM is accurate during CON and HIIE at different mean workloads. Seven T1DM patients performed CON and HIIE at 5% below (L) and above (M) the first lactate turn point (LTP₁), and 5% below the second lactate turn point (LTP₂) (H) on a cycle ergometer. Glucose was measured via CGM and in capillary blood (BG). Differences were found in comparison of CGM vs. BG in three out of the six tests (p < 0.05). In CON, bias and levels of agreement for L, M, and H were found at: 0.85 (-3.44, 5.15) mmol·L(-1), -0.45 (-3.95, 3.05) mmol·L(-1), -0.31 (-8.83, 8.20) mmol·L(-1) and at 1.17 (-2.06, 4.40) mmol·L(-1), 0.11 (-5.79, 6.01) mmol·L(-1), 1.48 (-2.60, 5.57) mmol·L(-1) in HIIE for the same intensities. Clinically-acceptable results (except for CON H) were found. CGM estimated BG to be clinically acceptable, except for CON H. Additionally, using CGM may increase avoidance of exercise-induced hypoglycemia, but usual BG control should be performed during intense exercise.
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