ArticleFEBS open bio2016
Traumatic brain injury increases levels of miR-21 in extracellular vesicles: implications for neuroinflammation.
Article in FEBS open bio, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 108 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
108 citing papers in PubMed, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Dual Roles of Extracellular Vesicle Subtypes in Regulating Traumatic Brain Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Brain-bone Crosstalk after Neurotrauma: Dual Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury on Skeletal Remodeling.Current osteoporosis reports · 2026Review
- Integrated analysis of porcine brain microRNA profiles following pediatric diffuse traumatic brain injury.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- The hidden battlefield: platelet function in the wake of severe trauma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stromal/stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in brain disorders: mechanisms of repair and recovery.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Extracellular RNAs as Messengers and Early Biomarkers in Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The Association of MicroRNA-21 with Carotid Artery Disease and Ischemic Stroke: From Pathophysiology to Clinical Implications and Potential Therapy.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unveiling the predictive power of biomarkers in traumatic brain injury: A narrative review focused on clinical outcomes.Biomedical papers of the Medical Faculty of the University Palacky, Olomouc, Czechoslovakia · 2025Review
- Role of extracellular vesicle-carried ncRNAs in the interactive 'dialogue' within the brain and beyond: emerging theranostic epigenetic modifiers in brain-derived nanoplatforms.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Temporal Shifts in MicroRNAs Signify the Inflammatory State of Primary Murine Microglial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Application of MicroRNAs in Traumatic Brain Injury: Mechanism Elucidation and Clinical Translation.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Prospects and challenges of tissue-derived extracellular vesicles.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles as nanotheranostic platforms for targeted neurological disorder interventions.Nano convergence · 2024Review
- Analysis of Plasma-Derived Exosomal MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers for Canine Idiopathic Epilepsy.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Circulating microRNAs from plasma as preclinical biomarkers of epileptogenesis and epilepsy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Unraveling the Emerging Niche Role of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI).CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Review
- Role of regulatory non-coding RNAs in traumatic brain injury.Neurochemistry international · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicles as carriers for noncoding RNA-based regulation of macrophage/microglia polarization: an emerging candidate regulator for lung and traumatic brain injuries.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Extracellular Vesicles: Therapeutic Potential in Central Nervous System Trauma by Regulating Cell Death.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Review
- Role of exosomal ncRNAs in traumatic brain injury.Non-coding RNA research · 2023Review
48 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important health concern and effective treatment strategies remain elusive. Understanding the complex multicellular response to TBI may provide new avenues for intervention. In the context of TBI, cell-cell communication is critical. One relatively unexplored form of cell-cell communication in TBI is extracellular vesicles (EVs). These membrane-bound vesicles can carry many different types of cargo between cells. Recently, miRNA in EVs have been shown to mediate neuroinflammation and neuronal injury. To explore the role of EV-associated miRNA in TBI, we isolated EVs from the brain of injured mice and controls, purified RNA from brain EVs, and performed miRNA sequencing. We found that the expression of miR-212 decreased, while miR-21, miR-146, miR-7a, and miR-7b were significantly increased with injury, with miR-21 showing the largest change between conditions. The expression of miR-21 in the brain was primarily localized to neurons near the lesion site. Interestingly, adjacent to these miR-21-expressing neurons were activated microglia. The concurrent increase in miR-21 in EVs with the elevation of miR-21 in neurons, suggests that miR-21 is secreted from neurons as potential EV cargo. Thus, this study reveals a new potential mechanism of cell-cell communication not previously described in TBI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.