Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27512905›Full record

ArticleCell host & microbe2016

Mycobacterial Acid Tolerance Enables Phagolysosomal Survival and Establishment of Tuberculous Infection In Vivo.

Steven Levitte, Kristin N Adams, Russell D Berg, Christine L Cosma, Kevin B Urdahl, Lalita Ramakrishnan

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell host & microbe, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Review
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  4. HowVaccines · 2026
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  7. Non-canonical peptidoglycan cross-linking is essential forbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
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  8. An unusual genetic switch controlsbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  9. Review
  10. Journal of bacteriology · 2025
    Review
  11. Science advances · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Frontiers in tuberculosis · 2025
    Review
  15. Review
  16. TargetingMicrobiology (Reading, England) · 2024
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Steven LevitteMolecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program and Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Kristin N AdamsCenter for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Russell D BergMolecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program and Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Christine L CosmaDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Kevin B UrdahlCenter for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Lalita RamakrishnanMolecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. Electronic address: lr404@cam.ac.uk.
Seattle University · USUniversity of Washington · USCenter for Infectious Disease Research · USMRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology · GB

Funding

University of Washington Medical Scientist Training Program: MD/PhDT32GM007266 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI HORWITZ, MARSHALL S. · 1985 to 2023
$30.4M
Technology CoreU19AI106761 · NIAID · SEATTLE BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI SHERMAN, DAVID R, ZAK, DANIEL E · 2013 to 2017
$18.9M
ACADEMIC PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASET32HD007233 · NICHD · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI KEVIN B URDAHL · 1985 to 2026
$6.7M
T regulatory cells and immunity in tuberculosisR01AI076327 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI URDAHL, KEVIN B · 2009 to 2018
$4.5M
Host-Responses to Mycobacterium Infection in ZebrafishR37AI054503 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI RAMAKRISHNAN, LALITA · 2012 to 2021
$3.1M
Pathogenesis and Control of Early Mycobacteria InfectionF30HL110455 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI BERG, RUSSELL · 2012 to 2015
$166k
NHLBI NIH HHS F30 HL110455NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI076327NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI054503NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI106761NICHD NIH HHS T32 HD007233NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM007266
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The blockade of phagolysosomal fusion is considered a critical mycobacterial strategy to survive in macrophages. However, viable mycobacteria have been observed in phagolysosomes during infection of cultured macrophages, and mycobacteria have the virulence determinant MarP, which confers acid resistance in vitro. Here we show in mice and zebrafish that innate macrophages overcome mycobacterial lysosomal avoidance strategies to rapidly deliver a substantial proportion of infecting bacteria to phagolysosomes. Exploiting the optical transparency of the zebrafish, we tracked the fates of individual mycobacteria delivered to phagosomes versus phagolysosomes and discovered that bacteria survive and grow in phagolysosomes, though growth is slower. MarP is required specifically for phagolysosomal survival, making it an important determinant for the establishment of mycobacterial infection in their hosts. Our work suggests that if pathogenic mycobacteria fail to prevent lysosomal trafficking, they tolerate the resulting acidic environment of the phagolysosome to establish infection.

Indexed as

Stress, PhysiologicalAnimalsAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial ProteinsCarboxylic AcidsCells, CulturedDisease Models, AnimalHost-Pathogen InteractionsLysosomesMacrophagesMice, Inbred C57BLMicrobial ViabilityMycobacterium Infections, NontuberculousMycobacterium marinumVirulence FactorsZebrafishAnti-Bacterial AgentsBacterial ProteinsCarboxylic AcidsVirulence Factors

Identifiers

PMID27512905
PMCPMC4985559
OpenAlexW2512092116

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.