Trial reportScience translational medicine2016
Insights into neuroepigenetics through human histone deacetylase PET imaging.
Trial report in Science translational medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 105 citations in OpenAlex.
- Radiopharmaceuticals for PET and SPECT Imaging: A Literature Review over the Last Decade.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Epigenetic meta-analysis across three civilian cohorts identifies NRG1 and HGS as blood-based biomarkers for post-traumatic stress disorder.Epigenomics · 2018Pooled it
- PET neuroimaging reveals histone deacetylase dysregulation in schizophrenia.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Trial
- Imaging the hallmarks of cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Linking human brain functional connectivity to underlying neurotransmission.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Histone Modifications in Cardiovascular Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities.MedComm · 2026Review
- Imaging brain class I histone deacetylase changes in the Lewy body dementias and Parkinson's disease.Clinical epigenetics · 2026Article
- Can Nuclear Imaging Detect Trained Immunity in Cardiovascular Disease?Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026Review
- KAT5: the epigenetic regulator of central nervous system diseases.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Review
- Epigenetic mechanisms of HIV and opioid-induced neuropathology: Potential therapies and interventions.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Histone Deacetylase 2 in Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Molecular Blueprint for Therapeutic Targeting.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Assessing molecular, cellular and transcriptomic bases of laminar perfusion and cytoarchitecture coupling in the human cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Cardiometabolic health and physical robustness map onto distinct patterns of brain structure and neurotransmitter systems.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- LINKING BRAIN ENTROPY TO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ARCHITECTURE IN PSYCHOSIS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Tangible advantages of multi-stage brain motion compensation for PET imaging demonstrated in multiple studies.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- PET-MRI Applications and Future Prospects in Psychiatry.Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2025Review
- Regional patterns of human cortex development correlate with underlying neurobiology.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Regional patterns of human cortex development correlate with underlying neurobiology.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- DOCK-PET: database of CNS kinetic parameters in the healthy human brain for existing PET tracers.Annals of nuclear medicine · 2024Article
- Toward AI-driven neuroepigenetic imaging biomarker for alcohol use disorder: A proof-of-concept study.iScience · 2024Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Epigenetic dysfunction is implicated in many neurological and psychiatric diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Consequently, histone deacetylases (HDACs) are being aggressively pursued as therapeutic targets. However, a fundamental knowledge gap exists regarding the expression and distribution of HDACs in healthy individuals for comparison to disease states. Here, we report the first-in-human evaluation of neuroepigenetic regulation in vivo. Using positron emission tomography with [(11)C]Martinostat, an imaging probe selective for class I HDACs (isoforms 1, 2, and 3), we found that HDAC expression is higher in cortical gray matter than in white matter, with conserved regional distribution patterns within and between healthy individuals. Among gray matter regions, HDAC expression was lowest in the hippocampus and amygdala. Through biochemical profiling of postmortem human brain tissue, we confirmed that [(11)C]Martinostat selectively binds HDAC isoforms 1, 2, and 3, the HDAC subtypes most implicated in regulating neuroplasticity and cognitive function. In human stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells, pharmacologic-level doses of Martinostat induced changes in genes closely associated with synaptic plasticity, including BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and SYP (synaptophysin), as well as genes implicated in neurodegeneration, including GRN (progranulin), at the transcript level, in concert with increased acetylation at both histone H3 lysine 9 and histone H4 lysine 12. This study quantifies HDAC expression in the living human brain and provides the foundation for gaining unprecedented in vivo epigenetic information in health and disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.