ArticleInternational journal of cancer2016
Cell autonomous or systemic EGFR blockade alters the immune-environment in squamous cell carcinomas.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhibitors of PD-1 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Molecular Features.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- EGFR: New Insights on Its Activation and Mutation in Tumor and Tumor Immunotherapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- A Novel DNA Repair-Gene Model to Predict Responses to Immunotherapy and Prognosis in Patients With EGFR-Mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Thoracic cancer · 2025Article
- Mechanisms, combination therapy, and biomarkers in cancer immunotherapy resistance.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- [Progress of Immunotherapy in EGFR-mutated Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2024Review
- Hope and Challenges: Immunotherapy inBiomedicines · 2023Review
- Review
- Tumor microenvironmental modification by the current target therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2023Review
- Efficacy of immunotherapy in oncogene-driven non-small-cell lung cancer.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2023Review
- [Application of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in EGFR Mutant Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2022Article
- Crosstalk between the B7/CD28 and EGFR pathways: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Genes & diseases · 2022Review
- Research Progress in Immunotherapy of NSCLC With EGFR-Sensitive Mutations.Oncology research · 2022Article
- Recent Advancements of Monotherapy, Combination, and Sequential Treatment of EGFR/ALK-TKIs and ICIs in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment modulation by chemotherapies and targeted therapies to enhance immunotherapy effectiveness.Oncoimmunology · 2022Review
- Immunotherapy for EGFR-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: Current status, possible mechanisms and application prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Emerging Role of EGFR Mutations in Creating an Immune Suppressive Tumour Microenvironment.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Dramatic response to immunotherapy in an epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant non-small cell lung cancer: A case report.World journal of clinical cases · 2021Article
- Drug resistance of targeted therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer harbored EGFR mutation: from mechanism analysis to clinical strategy.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2021Review
- The efficacy and possible mechanisms of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating non-small cell lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2021Review
- PD0325901, an ERK inhibitor, enhances the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor in non-small cell lung carcinoma.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Targeting mutations and amplifications in the EGFR has been successful precision therapy for cancers of the lung, oral cavity and gastrointestinal track. However, a systemic immune reaction manifested by dose-limiting inflammation in the skin and gut has been a consistent adverse effect. To address the possibility that intra-tumoral immune changes contribute to the anti-cancer activity of EGFR inhibition, squamous cancers were produced by syngeneic orthografts of either EGFR null or wildtype mouse primary keratinocytes transduced with an oncogenic H-ras retrovirus. Flow cytometric, RNA and Bioplex immunoassay analyses of the tumor immune milieu were performed. Cancers forming from keratinocytes genetically depleted of EGFR were smaller than wildtype cancers and had fewer infiltrating FoxP3 Treg cells, lower Foxp3 RNA and a lower percentage of CD4 PD1 positive cells indicating a tumor cell autonomous regulation of its microenvironment. Hosts bearing wildtype cancers treated with gefitinib for 1 week showed a trend for smaller tumors. In this short term pharmacological model, there was also a trend to reduced FoxP3 cells and FoxP3 RNA in the tumors of treated mice as well as a substantial increase in the ratio of IL-1A/IL-1RA transcripts. These results suggest that relatively brief systemic inhibition of EGFR signaling alters the immune environment of the targeted cancer. Together these data imply that an EGFR dependent Treg function supports the growth of squamous cancers and is a target for the therapeutic activity of EGFR inhibition.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.