Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27503972›Full record

ArticleHealth affairs (Project Hope)2016

Accounting For Patients' Socioeconomic Status Does Not Change Hospital Readmission Rates.

Susannah M Bernheim, Craig S Parzynski, Leora Horwitz, Zhenqiu Lin, Michael J Araas, Joseph S Ross, Elizabeth E Drye, Lisa G Suter, Sharon-Lise T Normand, Harlan M Krumholz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health affairs (Project Hope), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Hospital readmission disparity measure for evaluating hospital performance and penalties.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025
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  6. Independent Associations of Neighborhood Deprivation and Patient-level Social Determinants of Health with Textbook Outcomes after Inpatient Surgery.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2023
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  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Association of Socioeconomic Area Deprivation Index with Hospital Readmissions After Colon and Rectal Surgery.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2021
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Observational
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Susannah M BernheimSusannah M. Bernheim (susannah.bernheim@yale.edu) is director of quality measurement at the Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE) at Yale-New Haven Hospital and an assistant clinical professor in the Department of Internal Medicine at Yale School of Medicine, both in New Haven, Connecticut.
Craig S ParzynskiCraig S. Parzynski is a senior statistician at CORE, Yale-New Haven Hospital.
Leora HorwitzLeora Horwitz is an associate professor of internal medicine, population health, at New York University School of Medicine, in New York City.
Zhenqiu LinZhenqiu Lin is director of analytics at CORE, Yale-New Haven Hospital.
Michael J AraasMichael J. Araas is research project manager at CORE, Yale-New Haven Hospital.
Joseph S RossJoseph S. Ross is an associate professor of medicine in the Department of Internal Medicine at Yale School of Medicine.
Elizabeth E DryeElizabeth E. Drye is a director of quality measurement at CORE, Yale-New Haven Hospital.
Lisa G SuterLisa G. Suter is associate director of quality measurement at CORE, Yale-New Haven Hospital, and an associate professor of medicine in the Section of Rheumatology at Yale School of Medicine.
Sharon-Lise T NormandSharon-Lise T. Normand is a professor of health care policy and biostatistics at Harvard Medical School and at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, both in Boston, Massachusetts.
Harlan M KrumholzHarlan M. Krumholz is the Harold H. Hines, Jr. Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health at Yale School of Medicine.

Funding

Heart Failure Readmissions in Older Adults: A Systems PerspectiveK08AG038336 · NIA · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HORWITZ, LEORA · 2010 to 2013
$648k
HHS HHSM-500-2008-0025I/HHSM-500-T0001NIA NIH HHS K08 AG038336
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is an active public debate about whether patients' socioeconomic status should be included in the readmission measures used to determine penalties in Medicare's Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP). Using the current Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services methodology, we compared risk-standardized readmission rates for hospitals caring for high and low proportions of patients of low socioeconomic status (as defined by their Medicaid status or neighborhood income). We then calculated risk-standardized readmission rates after additionally adjusting for patients' socioeconomic status. Our results demonstrate that hospitals caring for large proportions of patients of low socioeconomic status have readmission rates similar to those of other hospitals. Moreover, readmission rates calculated with and without adjustment for patients' socioeconomic status are highly correlated. Readmission rates of hospitals caring for patients of low socioeconomic status changed by approximately 0.1 percent with adjustment for patients' socioeconomic status, and only 3-4 percent fewer such hospitals reached the threshold for payment penalty in Medicare's HRRP. Overall, adjustment for socioeconomic status does not change hospital results in meaningful ways.

Indexed as

Health ExpendituresSocioeconomic FactorsAgedAged, 80 and overCenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.Databases, FactualFemaleHospitals, RuralHospitals, UrbanHumansInsurance CoverageMalePatient DischargePatient ReadmissionRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesDisparitiesQuality Of CareSafety-Net Systems

Identifiers

PMID27503972
PMCPMC7664840

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.