ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2016
Plasma Tryptophan and the Kynurenine-Tryptophan Ratio are Associated with the Acquisition of Statural Growth Deficits and Oral Vaccine Underperformance in Populations with Environmental Enteropathy.
Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06676215 (Efficacy of Amino Acid Supplementation on Gut Function and Nutritional Status in FIlipino Children Below Three Years Old), which is not on this map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy of Amino Acid Supplementation on Gut Function and Nutritional Status in FIlipino Children Below Three Years Old
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Replication and mediation of the association between the metabolome and clinical markers of metabolic health in an adolescent cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Environmental enteric dysfunction pathways and child stunting: A systematic review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Pooled it
- Effect of a Homestead Food Production and Food Hygiene Intervention on Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction in Children Younger Than 24 Months in Rural Bangladesh: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Trial
- Cognitive Outcomes at 18 Months: Findings from the Early Life Interventions for Childhood Growth and Development in Tanzania (ELICIT) Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Trial
- Effect of scheduled antimicrobial and nicotinamide treatment on linear growth in children in rural Tanzania: A factorial randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2021Trial
- Validation of the Micronutrient and Environmental Enteric Dysfunction Assessment Tool and evaluation of biomarker risk factors for growth faltering and vaccine failure in young Malian children.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Trial
- Amino Acid Digestibility of Extruded Chickpea and Yellow Pea Protein is High and Comparable in Moderately Stunted South Indian Children with Use of a Dual Stable Isotope Tracer Method.The Journal of nutrition · 2020Trial
- Effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene and improved complementary feeding on environmental enteric dysfunction in children in rural Zimbabwe: A cluster-randomized controlled trial.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Trial
- Impact of Daily Preventive Zinc or Therapeutic Zinc Supplementation for Diarrhea on Plasma Biomarkers of Environmental Enteric Dysfunction among Rural Laotian Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Trial
- Tryptophan, glutamine, leucine, and micronutrient supplementation improves environmental enteropathy in Zambian adults: a randomized controlled trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Trial
- Ileal digestibility of intrinsically labeled hen's egg and meat protein determined with the dual stable isotope tracer method in Indian adults.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2018Trial
- Article
- An ecological study of the association between childhood stunting, water, sanitation, and protein access, 2000-20.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Systems biology insights into the molecular drivers of childhood stunting and implications for intervention.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Birth season shapes the infant metabolome and development in Tanzania: a secondary explorative analysis of the early life interventions for childhood growth and development in Tanzania (ELICIT) trial.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Altered milk tryptophan and tryptophan metabolites in women living with HIV.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Gut microbiome associations with poliovirus vaccine seroconversion in children in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Geographic disparities impacting oral vaccine performance: Observations and future directions.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Review
- A cross-sectional study of associations between theThe American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Observational
- The epidemiology and impact of persistentEClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Early childhood enteric infections have adverse impacts on child growth and can inhibit normal mucosal responses to oral vaccines, two critical components of environmental enteropathy. To evaluate the role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) activity and its relationship with these outcomes, we measured tryptophan and the kynurenine-tryptophan ratio (KTR) in two longitudinal birth cohorts with a high prevalence of stunting. Children in rural Peru and Tanzania (N = 494) contributed 1,251 plasma samples at 3, 7, 15, and 24 months of age and monthly anthropometrics from 0 to 36 months of age. Tryptophan concentrations were directly associated with linear growth from 1 to 8 months after biomarker assessment. A 1-SD increase in tryptophan concentration was associated with a gain in length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) of 0.17 over the next 6 months in Peru (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.11-0.23, P < 0.001) and a gain in LAZ of 0.13 Z-scores in Tanzania (95% CI = 0.03-0.22, P = 0.009). Vaccine responsiveness data were available for Peru only. An increase in kynurenine by 1 μM was associated with a 1.63 (95% CI = 1.13-2.34) increase in the odds of failure to poliovirus type 1, but there was no association with tetanus vaccine response. A KTR of 52 was 76% sensitive and 50% specific in predicting failure of response to serotype 1 of the oral polio vaccine. KTR was associated with systemic markers of inflammation, but also interleukin-10, supporting the association between IDO1 activity and immunotolerance. These results strongly suggest that the activity of IDO1 is implicated in the pathophysiology of environmental enteropathy, and demonstrates the utility of tryptophan and kynurenine as biomarkers for this syndrome, particularly in identifying those at risk for hyporesponsivity to oral vaccines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.