SynthesisEuropean journal of epidemiology2016
Does smoking influence the physical activity and lung cancer relation? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European journal of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The underexplored links between cancer and the internal body climate: Implications for cancer prevention and treatment.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Physical activity and lung cancer screening (PALS): feasibility randomised controlled trial of exercise and physical activity in lung cancer screening.Respiratory research · 2025Trial
- Pre-diagnosis recreational physical activity and lung cancer survival within the California teachers study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2026Article
- Lifestyle-Based Approaches to Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Diet, Physical Activity, and Integrative Strategies.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Review
- Smoking-induced microbial dysbiosis: a key driver of systemic diseases and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Cell death discovery · 2025Review
- Pre-Diagnosis Recreational Physical Activity and Lung Cancer Mortality within the California Teachers Study.Research square · 2025Article
- Polyphenol-Based Nutritional Strategies Combined With Exercise for Brain Function and Glioma Control: Focus on Epigenetic Modifications, Cognitive Function, Learning and Memory Processes.Food science & nutrition · 2025Review
- Leisure-time physical activity after diagnosis and survival by cancer type: a pooled analysis.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- miR-126: a bridge between cancer and exercise.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Role of exercise on the reduction of cancer development: a mechanistic review from the lncRNA point of view.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Review
- Association between strenuous sports or other exercises and lung cancer risk: a mendelian randomization study.Translational lung cancer research · 2024Article
- Article
- Physical activity and risk of lung cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2023Article
- Muscle-derived exosomes and exercise in cancer prevention.Frontiers in molecular medicine · 2023Review
- Etiology of lung cancer: Evidence from epidemiologic studies.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2022Review
- A prospective cohort study of physical activity in relation to lung cancer incidence among Black women.Cancer epidemiology · 2022Article
- Roles and molecular mechanisms of physical exercise in cancer prevention and treatment.Journal of sport and health science · 2021Review
- Physical activity and cancer risk. Actual knowledge and possible biological mechanisms.Radiology and oncology · 2021Review
- Mendelian randomization study indicates lack of causal relationship between physical activity and lung cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2021Article
- Univariable and Multivariable Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Investigating the Effects of Leisure Sedentary Behaviors on the Risk of Lung Cancer.Frontiers in genetics · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Research suggests an inverse association between physical activity and lung cancer. However, whether the relation is modified by degree of smoking adjustment has not been summarized. We conducted a meta-analysis of physical activity and lung cancer focusing on evaluating whether smoking status and the degree of smoking adjustment influenced the association. Comparing high versus low physical activity levels from 25 observational studies yielded a lung cancer summary relative risk (RR) of 0.79 [95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.72-0.87], with RRs of 0.87 (95 % CI = 0.80-0.94) for cohort studies and 0.57 (95 % CI = 0.46-0.71) for case-control studies. In further analyses restricted to cohort studies, physical activity was inversely related to lung cancer among former smokers (RR = 0.68, 95 % CI = 0.51-0.90) and current smokers (RR = 0.80, 95 % CI = 0.70-0.90), whereas the association was null among never smokers (RR = 1.05, 95 % CI = 0.78-1.40, p interaction = 0.26). The degree of smoking adjustment did not modify the association (p interaction = 0.73). Physical activity was unrelated to lung cancer among never smokers but it was inversely associated with lung cancer among former and current smokers. Although the physical activity and lung cancer relation was not modified by smoking status or degree of smoking adjustment, residual confounding by smoking remains a possible explanation for the relations observed.
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