ArticleMolecular biology and evolution2016
Novel Ciliate Genetic Code Variants Including the Reassignment of All Three Stop Codons to Sense Codons in Condylostoma magnum.
Article in Molecular biology and evolution, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 117 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutamine codon-driven translational readthrough reveals context-dependent stop codon decoding fidelity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Reshaping organellar translation and tRNA metabolism: the consequences of photosynthesis loss and massive horizontal gene transfer.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
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- Converting Blastocrithidia Nonstop, a Trypanosomatid With Non-Canonical Genetic Code, Into a Genetically-Tractable Model.Molecular microbiology · 2025Article
- TIdeS: A Comprehensive Framework for Accurate Open Reading Frame Identification and Classification in Eukaryotic Transcriptomes.Genome biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Multiple independent genetic code reassignments of the UAG stop codon in phyllopharyngean ciliates.PLoS genetics · 2024Article
- Cracking the Code: Reprogramming the Genetic Script in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes to Harness the Power of Noncanonical Amino Acids.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Noncanonical usage of stop codons in ciliates expands proteins with structurally flexible Q-rich motifs.eLife · 2024Article
- Identification of a non-canonical ciliate nuclear genetic code where UAA and UAG code for different amino acids.PLoS genetics · 2023Article
- Cysteine tRNA acts as a stop codon readthrough-inducing tRNA in the human HEK293T cell line.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Nontriplet feature of genetic code inProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Article
- Stop or Not: Genome-Wide Profiling of Reassigned Stop Codons in Ciliates.Molecular biology and evolution · 2023Article
- The Influence of the Selection at the Amino Acid Level on Synonymous Codon Usage from the Viewpoint of Alternative Genetic Codes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- No stopping with a short-stem transfer RNA.Nature · 2023Article
- Article
- Frameshift and wild-type proteins are often highly similar because the genetic code and genomes were optimized for frameshift tolerance.BMC genomics · 2022Article
- Immune cells alter genetic decoding in cancer.Nature · 2022Article
- The Codon Usage Bias Analysis of Free-Living Ciliates' Macronuclear Genomes and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas9 Vector Construction ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
mRNA translation in many ciliates utilizes variant genetic codes where stop codons are reassigned to specify amino acids. To characterize the repertoire of ciliate genetic codes, we analyzed ciliate transcriptomes from marine environments. Using codon substitution frequencies in ciliate protein-coding genes and their orthologs, we inferred the genetic codes of 24 ciliate species. Nine did not match genetic code tables currently assigned by NCBI. Surprisingly, we identified a novel genetic code where all three standard stop codons (TAA, TAG, and TGA) specify amino acids in Condylostoma magnum We provide evidence suggesting that the functions of these codons in C. magnum depend on their location within mRNA. They are decoded as amino acids at internal positions, but specify translation termination when in close proximity to an mRNA 3' end. The frequency of stop codons in protein coding sequences of closely related Climacostomum virens suggests that it may represent a transitory state.
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