ReviewTrends in immunology2016
Helminth-Tuberculosis Co-infection: An Immunologic Perspective.
Review in Trends in immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01547884 (Effect of Filarial Infection on Antigen-Specific Immune Responses in Latent Tuberculosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 91 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Filarial Infection on Antigen-Specific Immune Responses in Latent Tuberculosis
Who cites it
91 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Intestinal helminth co-infection and associated factors among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Africa and Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Whole Blood Mycobacterial Growth Assays for Assessing Human Tuberculosis Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Intestinal parasites co-infection among tuberculosis patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Pooled it
- Are intestinal helminths playing a positive role in tuberculosis risk? A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Helminth Coinfection Alters Monocyte Activation, Polarization, and Function in LatentJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Trial
- In vivo reduction of Treg expansion in rodent helminth-malaria coinfection.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Article
- Helminth Infection, Gut Microbiome Alterations, and Their Impact on Pulmonary Tuberculosis Susceptibility.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Review
- Impact of helminth co-infection and treatment on mycobacterial growth inhibition in UK migrants with TB infection.IJTLD open · 2025Article
- Coinfections in Tuberculosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Epidemiology, Clinical Implications, Diagnostic Challenges, and Management Strategies-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Impact ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Dynamics of Human Filarial Infections: Immunological Responses, Host Manifestations, and Pathogen Biology.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Parasitic infection prevalence in tuberculosis patients and their household contacts in the Littoral Region of Cameroon.Parasite epidemiology and control · 2025Article
- Article
- Concomitant parasite infections influence tuberculosis immunopathology and favor rapid sputum conversion of pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2024Article
- Intestinal Parasitic Infections May Be Overlooked Drivers of the Tuberculosis Pandemic.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- The amalgam of naive CD4Immunity · 2024Article
- Bacilli load in PTB- intestinal helminths co-infected and PTB non -infected patients at selected public health facilities in Jimma zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: comparative cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Immunological and Haematological Relevance of Helminths andBiomedicines · 2024Article
31 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Over 2 billion people worldwide are infected with helminths (worms). Similarly, infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) occurs in over a third of the world's population, often with a great degree of geographical overlap with helminth infection. Interestingly, the responses induced by the extracellular helminths and those induced by the intracellular Mtb are often mutually antagonistic and, as a consequence, can result in impaired (or cross-regulated) host responses to either of the infecting pathogens. In this review, we outline the nature of the immune responses induced by infections with helminths and tuberculosis (TB) and then provide data from both experimental models and human studies that illustrate how the immune response engendered by helminth parasites modulates Mtb-specific responses in helminth-TB coinfection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.