Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27499164›Full record

ArticleJournal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi2016

The Impact of Educational Status on 10-Year (2004-2014) Cardiovascular Disease Prognosis and All-cause Mortality Among Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in the Greek Acute Coronary Syndrome (GREECS) Longitudinal Study.

Venetia Notara, Demosthenes B Panagiotakos, Yannis Kogias, Petros Stravopodis, Antonis Antonoulas, Spyros Zombolos, Yannis Mantas, Christos Pitsavos

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.4field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Trajectories of Outpatient Service Utilisation of Hypertensive Patients in Tertiary Hospitals in China.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Venetia NotaraDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Demosthenes B PanagiotakosDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Yannis KogiasDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Petros StravopodisDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Antonis AntonoulasDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Spyros ZombolosDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Yannis MantasDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Christos PitsavosDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Harokopio University of Athens · GRNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens · GRTechnological Educational Institute of Central Greece · GR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThe association between educational status and 10-year risk for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and all-cause mortality was evaluated.

methodsFrom October 2003 to September 2004, 2172 consecutive ACS patients from six Greek hospitals were enrolled. In 2013 to 2014, a 10-year follow-up (2004-2014) assessment was performed for 1918 participants (participation rate, 88%). Each patient's educational status was classified as low (<9 years of school), intermediate (9 to 14 years), or high (>14 years).

resultsOverall all-cause mortality was almost twofold higher in the low-education group than in the intermediate-education and high-education groups (40% vs. 22% and 19%, respectively, p<0.001). Additionally, 10-year recurrent ACS events (fatal and non-fatal) were more common in the low-education group than in the intermediate-education and high-education groups (42% vs. 30% and 35%, p<0.001), and no interactions between sex and education on the investigated outcomes were observed. Moreover, patients in the high-education group were more physically active, had a better financial status, and were less likely to have hypertension, diabetes, or ACS than the participants with the least education (p<0.001); however, when those characteristics and lifestyle habits were accounted for, no moderating effects regarding the relationship of educational status with all-cause mortality and ACS events were observed.

conclusionsA U-shaped association may be proposed for the relationship between ACS prognosis and educational status, with participants in the low-education and high-education groups being negatively affected by other factors (e.g., job stress, depression, or loneliness). Public health policies should be aimed at specific social groups to reduce the overall burden of cardiovascular disease morbidity.

Indexed as

Educational StatusAcute Coronary SyndromeAgedAged, 80 and overCardiovascular DiseasesCause of DeathDemographyDiabetes MellitusExerciseFemaleFollow-Up StudiesGreeceHospital MortalityHospitalsHumansHypertensionAcute coronary syndromeCardiovascular diseaseEducational stausRisk factorsSocial classUnhealthy behaviors

Identifiers

PMID27499164
PMCPMC4977770
OpenAlexW2473140465

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.