ArticleCell reports2016
Interneuronal Transfer and Distal Action of Tetanus Toxin and Botulinum Neurotoxins A and D in Central Neurons.
Article in Cell reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- An indirect comparison meta-analysis of noninvasive intravesical instillation and intravesical injection of botulinum toxin-A in bladder disorders.International urology and nephrology · 2022Pooled it
- Botulinum neurotoxin injections for muscle-based (dystonia and spasticity) and non-muscle-based (neuropathic pain) pain disorders: a meta-analytic study.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The complement C3-microglial axis in depression of Parkinson's disease: from mechanism to therapeutic intervention.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Advances in Clostridial Neurotoxins: Passage of the Intestinal Barrier and Targeting of Specific Neuronal Cells.Toxins · 2026Review
- Phosphorylation at serine 214 correlates with tau seeding activity in an age-dependent manner in two mouse models for tauopathies and is required for tau transsynaptic propagation.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
- Neutralizing chimeric heavy-chain antibody targeting the L-HN domain of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type F.Archives of toxicology · 2024Article
- Article
- Botulinum Neurotoxin Induces Neurotoxic Microglia Mediated by Exogenous Inflammatory Responses.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Basis of movement control in dystonia and why botulinum toxin should influence it?Toxicon : official journal of the International Society on Toxinology · 2024Article
- Mitofusin 2 Sustains the Axonal Mitochondrial Network to Support Presynaptic CaThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Neurocircuitry underlying the antidepressant effect of retrograde facial botulinum toxin in mice.Cell & bioscience · 2023Article
- Distribution of Cleaved SNAP-25 in the Rat Brain, following Unilateral Injection of Botulinum Neurotoxin-A into the Striatum.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Intraoperative abobotulinumtoxinA alleviates pain after surgery and improves general wellness in a translational animal model.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- The Patho-Neurophysiological Basis and Treatment of Focal Laryngeal Dystonia: A Narrative Review and Two Case Reports Applying TMS over the Laryngeal Motor Cortex.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Review
- Botulinum Neurotoxins in Central Nervous System: An Overview from Animal Models to Human Therapy.Toxins · 2021Review
- Characterization of clostridium botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) and fibroblast growth factor receptor interactions using novel receptor dimerization assay.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Structure and Classification of Botulinum Toxins.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent reports suggest that botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) A, which is widely used clinically to inhibit neurotransmission, can spread within networks of neurons to have distal effects, but this remains controversial. Moreover, it is not known whether other members of this toxin family are transferred between neurons. Here, we investigate the potential distal effects of BoNT/A, BoNT/D, and tetanus toxin (TeNT), using central neurons grown in microfluidic devices. Toxins acted upon the neurons that mediated initial entry, but all three toxins were also taken up, via an alternative pathway, into non-acidified organelles that mediated retrograde transport to the somato-dendritic compartment. Toxins were then released into the media, where they entered and exerted their effects upon upstream neurons. These findings directly demonstrate that these agents undergo transcytosis and interneuronal transfer in an active form, resulting in long-distance effects.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.