ArticleTransplantation2016
Outcomes in Transplant Recipients Treated With Foscarnet for Ganciclovir-Resistant or Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infection.
Article in Transplantation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 162 citations in OpenAlex.
- CMV Preventive and Treatment Studies in Children Undergoing Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Systematic Review.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Pooled it
- Antiviral Agents for Preventing Cytomegalovirus Disease in Recipients of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.Viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Population Pharmacokinetics and Exposure-Response Relationships of Maribavir in Transplant Recipients With First Episode or Refractory Cytomegalovirus.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2025Trial
- Association Between Cytomegalovirus Viremia Clearance and Post-Solid Organ Transplant Mortality in Patients With Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infection: SOLSTICE Post Hoc Analysis.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2025Trial
- Maribavir Pharmacokinetics and Safety in Participants With Moderate Hepatic Impairment: A Phase 1, Open-Label, Single-Dose, Parallel Group Study.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Trial
- Maribavir for Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infections With or Without Resistance Post-Transplant: Results From a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Trial
- Maribavir for Refractory or Resistant Cytomegalovirus Infections in Hematopoietic-cell or Solid-organ Transplant Recipients: A Randomized, Dose-ranging, Double-blind, Phase 2 Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Human Cytomegalovirus Genetic Diversity, Clinical Relevance, and Emerging Insights.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis using Physician Preferences from a Global Discrete Choice Experiment to Investigate the Selection of Preemptive Antiviral Treatments for Post-Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Cytomegalovirus Infection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Real-World Effectiveness and Renal Safety of Foscarnet for CMV Reactivation After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Maribavir in lung transplant recipients with cytomegalovirus infection: real-life experience.Infection · 2026Article
- A novel inhibitor of human cytomegalovirus acts through a specific antiviral mechanism that involves the helicase-primase complex.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Rapid HHV-6 Clearance Following Preemptive Short-Course Foscarnet in Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.American journal of hematology · 2026Article
- Precision Editing of Cyclophilin A Generates Cyclosporine and Voclosporin Resistant Cellular Therapies.Blood immunology & cellular therapy · 2026Article
- Cytomegalovirus infections in thoracic organ transplant recipients: Updates on prevention, treatment, and immune monitoring.JHLT open · 2026Article
- Anti-Infective-Associated AKI: A Narrative Review of the Epidemiology, Mechanisms, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Clinical Course, Monitoring, Prevention, and Therapeutic Strategies.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Reversion of Val(Ganciclovir)-Resistance-Associated Mutations in Two SOT Patients with Mismatched Serostatus for CMV (D+/R-).Viruses · 2025Article
- Sumac Polyphenols as Pan-Herpesvirus Inhibitors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntiviral-resistant or refractory cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is challenging, and salvage therapies, foscarnet, and cidofovir, have significant toxicities. Several investigational anti-CMV agents are under development, but more information is needed on outcomes of current treatments to facilitate clinical trial design for new drugs.
methodsRecords of solid organ transplant (SOT) and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients at a single center over a 10-year period were reviewed retrospectively to characterize those who had received foscarnet treatment for ganciclovir-resistant or refractory CMV infection. Data were collected on virologic responses, mortality, and nephrotoxicity.
resultsOf 39 patients (22 SOT, 17 HCT), 15 had documented ganciclovir resistance mutations and 11 (28%) of 39 had tissue-invasive CMV. Median duration of foscarnet was 32 days. Virologic failure occurred in 13 (33%) of 39 and relapses of viremia occurred in 31%. Mortality was 12 (31%) of 39 and was higher in HCT than SOT (P = 0.001), although ganciclovir resistance was more common in SOT (P = 0.003). Doses of ganciclovir or valganciclovir were low in 10 (26%) of 39 at some time before switching to foscarnet. Renal dysfunction occurred in 20 (51%) of 39 by end of treatment and in 7 (28%) of 25 after 6 months.
conclusionsOutcomes of existing treatment for ganciclovir-resistant or refractory CMV are suboptimal, in terms of virologic clearance, renal dysfunction, and mortality. These data should provide background information for future clinical trials of newer antiviral agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.