ReviewThe AAPS journal2016
A Quantitative Review and Meta-Models of the Variability and Factors Affecting Oral Drug Absorption-Part I: Gastrointestinal pH.
Review in The AAPS journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Enabling Clinical Translation of Oral Probiotics Through Formulation Engineering and Scalable Manufacturing.Biotechnology journal · 2026Pooled it
- Mechanistic Assessment of the Effect of Omeprazole on the In Vivo Pharmacokinetics of Itraconazole in Healthy Volunteers.European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics · 2019Trial
- NheABC is a pH-dependent cytotoxin that targets mitochondria and contributes to the virulence of Bacillus cereus in wound infections.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Targeted enzymatic therapy for coeliac disease.EMBO molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Modular design for drug delivery across hierarchical gastrointestinal barriers: From materials to systems.Materials today. Bio · 2026Review
- Advanced oral drug delivery systems: Current challenges and emerging technologies.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modeling of Oral Drug Absorption for Integrating Nonclinical Data into Human Pharmacokinetic Predictions.The AAPS journal · 2026Review
- Small Intestine-Targeted Long-Acting Oral Insulin Formulation Based on Engineered Milk Protein Nanoparticles.ACS applied bio materials · 2026Article
- Machine learning to predict food effects during drug development: a comprehensive review.Journal of cheminformatics · 2025Review
- Gastrointestinal Intraluminal pH of Non-Fasted Mice (Mus musculus) of Various Strains and Vendors Including Germ-Free and Streptomycin-Treated Mice.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Intestinal pH: a major driver of human gut microbiota composition and metabolism.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Development of a pH Gradient Dissolution Condition to Predict the Behavior of Delayed Release Formulations under Fed In Vivo Condition.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2025Article
- Mononuclear Aluminum-Fluoride Ions, AlFMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle tools for maximizing oral drug delivery.Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologica · 2025Review
- Potential and challenges in application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling in predicting diarrheal disease impact on oral drug pharmacokinetics.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025Review
- Application of a Novel Dissolution Medium with Lipids for In Vitro Simulation of the Postprandial Gastric Content.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Ceftazidime and Usnic Acid Encapsulated in Chitosan-Coated Liposomes for Oral Administration against Colorectal Cancer-InducingPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Recent Advances in Conductive Polymers-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Biomedical and Environmental Applications.Polymers · 2024Review
- Orally Administered Drugs and Their Complicated Relationship with Our Gastrointestinal Tract.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Bridging population pharmacokinetic and semimechanistic absorption modeling of APX3330.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to conduct a quantitative meta-analysis for the values of, and variability in, gastrointestinal (GI) pH in the different GI segments; characterize the effect of food on the values and variability in these parameters; and present quantitative meta-models of distributions of GI pH to help inform models of oral drug absorption. The literature was systemically reviewed for the values of, and the variability in, GI pH under fed and fasted conditions. The GI tract was categorized into the following 10 distinct regions: stomach (proximal, mid-distal), duodenum (proximal, mid-distal), jejunum and ileum (proximal, mid, and distal small intestine), and colon (ascending, transverse, and descending colon). Meta-analysis used the "metafor" package of the R language. The time course of postprandial stomach pH was modeled using NONMEM. Food significantly influenced the estimated meta-mean stomach and duodenal pH but had no significant influence on small intestinal and colonic pH. The time course of postprandial pH was described using an exponential model. Increased meal caloric content increased the extent and duration of postprandial gastric pH buffering. The different parts of the small intestine had significantly different pH. Colonic pH was significantly different for descending but not for ascending and transverse colon. Knowledge of GI pH is important for the formulation design of the pH-dependent dosage forms and in understanding the dissolution and absorption of orally administered drugs. The meta-models of GI pH may also be used as part of semi-physiological pharmacokinetic models to characterize the effect of GI pH on the in vivo drug release and pharmacokinetics.
Indexed as
Identifiers
27495120What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.