ArticleParasites & vectors2016
Complete mitochondrial genomes of four entomopathogenic nematode species of the genus Steinernema.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- The mitochondrial genome characteristics of Coronocyclus coronatus (Looss, 1900) and comparative analysis with other strongylid nematodes.Parasitology research · 2026Article
- Phylogenetic and genetic evolutionary analyses of the mitochondrial genome ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Analysis of the mitochondrial genome to determine the origins and pathways of entry ofParasitology · 2024Article
- Genetic Diversity and Geographical Distribution of the Red Tide SpeciesMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- The mitochondrial genome ofPeerJ · 2020Article
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- Mitochondrial DNA Evidence Supports the Hypothesis thatFrontiers in microbiology · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNematodes belonging to the genus Steinernema are insect parasites and are used as effective biological agents against soil-dwelling insect pests. Although the full nuclear genomes of multiple Steinernema species have become available recently, mitochondrial genome information for the genus is limited. In this study, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genomes of four species of Steinernema and analysed their structure, codon usage and phylogenetic relationships.
resultsMitochondrial genomes of Steinernema carpocapsae, S. glaseri, S. kushidai and S. litorale comprised 13,924, 13,851, 15,182 and 21,403 bp, respectively, with highly AT-rich nucleotide contents (AT ratio of 71.05-76.76 %). All the expected genes, including 12 protein-coding genes (encoding ATP6, CYTB, COX1-3, ND1-6 and ND4L), two rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes were identified in the four genomes. Phylogenetic analyses based on the amino acid sequences of the 12 protein-coding genes identified the Steinernema species as monophyletic, representing a sister clade of Rhabditina and Ascaridida. In addition, they were more closely positioned to other Clade 10 nematodes, including Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Aphelenchoides besseyi and Panagrellus redivivus, than to Strongyloides species. Gene arrangements and codon usage analyses supported this relationship. Mitochondrial genome comparison of two distinct strains of S. carpocapsae detected high intra-specific diversity.
conclusionsThe mitochondrial genomes of four species of Steinernema determined in this study revealed inter- and intra-species divergences/diversities of mitochondrial genomes in this genus. This information provides useful insights into the phylogenetic position of the genus Steinernema within the Nematoda and represents a useful resource for selecting molecular markers for diagnosis and population studies. These data will increase our understanding of the interesting biology of insect parasites.
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