ArticleOncotarget2016
EGFR-targeted therapy results in dramatic early lung tumor regression accompanied by imaging response and immune infiltration in EGFR mutant transgenic mouse models.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitors: exploring immunomodulatory effects on various immune cell types in cancer.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Immunomodulation on tumor immune microenvironment in acquired targeted therapy resistance and implication for immunotherapy resistance.Translational oncology · 2025Review
- ZEB2 upregulation modulates the polarization of TAMs toward the immunosuppressive state in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC.Cancer drug resistance (Alhambra, Calif.) · 2025Article
- Exploiting temporal aspects of cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2024Review
- Hope and Challenges: Immunotherapy inBiomedicines · 2023Review
- Durable response of lung carcinoma patients to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors is determined by germline polymorphisms in some immune-related genes.Molecular cancer · 2023Article
- Changes of tumor microenvironment in non-small cell lung cancer after TKI treatments.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Resistance to Immunotherapy: Role of the Tumor Microenvironment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Targeting oncogene and non-oncogene addiction to inflame the tumour microenvironment.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2022Review
- Research Progress in Immunotherapy of NSCLC With EGFR-Sensitive Mutations.Oncology research · 2022Article
- Changes in the concentration of EGFR-mutated plasma DNA in the first hours of targeted therapy allow the prediction of tumor response in patients with EGFR-driven lung cancer.International journal of clinical oncology · 2022Article
- Immunological effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the tumor immune environment in non-small cell lung cancer.Oncology letters · 2022Review
- Emerging Role of EGFR Mutations in Creating an Immune Suppressive Tumour Microenvironment.Biomedicines · 2021Review
- Tumor immune microenvironment in epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small cell lung cancer before and after epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment: a narrative review.Translational lung cancer research · 2021Review
- Neoantigen vaccination induces clinical and immunologic responses in non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring EGFR mutations.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2021Article
- SCAMP3 is a mutant EGFR phosphorylation target and a tumor suppressor in lung adenocarcinoma.Oncogene · 2021Article
- Clinical Potential of Kinase Inhibitors in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for the Treatment of Solid Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Enabling Technologies for Personalized and Precision Medicine.Trends in biotechnology · 2020Review
- Role of the dynamic tumor microenvironment in controversies regarding immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations.Molecular cancer · 2019Review
- Tumor regression mediated by oncogene withdrawal or erlotinib stimulates infiltration of inflammatory immune cells in EGFR mutant lung tumors.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma patients harboring kinase domain mutations in Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) have significant clinical benefit from EGFR-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Although a majority of patients experience clinical symptomatic benefit immediately, an objective response can only be demonstrated after 6-8 weeks of treatment. Evaluation of patient response by imaging shows that 30-40% of patients do not respond due to intrinsic resistance to these TKIs. We investigated immediate-early effects of EGFR-TKI treatment in mutant EGFR-driven transgenic mouse models by FDG-PET and MRI and correlated the effects on the tumor and the tumor microenvironment. Within 24 hours of erlotinib treatment we saw approximately 65% tumor regression in mice with TKI-sensitive EGFRL858R lung adenocarcinoma. However, mice with EGFRL858R/T790M-driven tumors did not respond to either erlotinib or afatinib monotherapy, but did show a significant tumor response to afatinib-cetuximab combination treatment. The imaging responses correlated with the inhibition of downstream EGFR signaling, increased apoptosis, and decreased proliferation in the tumor tissues. In EGFRL858R-driven tumors, we saw a significant increase in CD45+ leukocytes, NK cells, dendritic cells, macrophages and lymphocytes, particularly CD8+ T cells. In response to erlotinib, these dendritic cells and macrophages had significantly higher MHC class II expression, indicating increased antigen-presenting capabilities. Together, results of our study provide novel insight into the immediate-early therapeutic response to EGFR TKIs in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.