Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27494557›Full record

ReviewMolecular cell2016

Methods for Optimizing CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing Specificity.

Josh Tycko, Vic E Myer, Patrick D Hsu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular cell, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 162 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
162citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

162 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. CRISPR Gene Tagging for Illuminating Endogenous Protein Dynamics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Protein engineering: status report.Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS · 2026
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. MED12 dysregulation: insights into cancer and therapeutic resistance.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Review

102 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Josh TyckoEditas Medicine, 300 Third Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Vic E MyerEditas Medicine, 300 Third Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Patrick D HsuEditas Medicine, 300 Third Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: patrick@salk.edu.

Funding

Viral Vector Core (VVC)P30CA014195 · NCI · SALK INSTITUTE FOR BIOLOGICAL STUDIES · PI Alan Saghatelian · 1985 to 2026
$82.8M
Eukaryotic transcriptome engineering via sequence-specific regulation of endogenous RNADP5OD021369 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI HSU, PATRICK · 2015 to 2018
$2.4M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014195NIH HHS DP5 OD021369
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advances in the development of delivery, repair, and specificity strategies for the CRISPR-Cas9 genome engineering toolbox are helping researchers understand gene function with unprecedented precision and sensitivity. CRISPR-Cas9 also holds enormous therapeutic potential for the treatment of genetic disorders by directly correcting disease-causing mutations. Although the Cas9 protein has been shown to bind and cleave DNA at off-target sites, the field of Cas9 specificity is rapidly progressing, with marked improvements in guide RNA selection, protein and guide engineering, novel enzymes, and off-target detection methods. We review important challenges and breakthroughs in the field as a comprehensive practical guide to interested users of genome editing technologies, highlighting key tools and strategies for optimizing specificity. The genome editing community should now strive to standardize such methods for measuring and reporting off-target activity, while keeping in mind that the goal for specificity should be continued improvement and vigilance.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Cas SystemsAnimalsBacterial ProteinsComputational BiologyCRISPR-Associated ProteinsDNAEndonucleasesGene EditingGene TargetingGenomicsHumansKineticsMutationProtein EngineeringRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas SystemsSubstrate SpecificityBacterial ProteinsCRISPR-Associated ProteinsDNAEndonucleasesRNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems

Identifiers

PMID27494557
PMCPMC4976696

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.