ReviewNeural plasticity2016
Axon Initial Segment Cytoskeleton: Architecture, Development, and Role in Neuron Polarity.
Review in Neural plasticity, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 179 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adaptations of the axon initial segment in fast-spiking interneurons of the human neocortex support low action potential thresholds.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- βIV spectrin abundancy, cellular distribution and sensitivity to AKT/GSK3 regulation in schizophrenia.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Ankyrin-G and Its Binding Partners in Neurons: Orchestrating the Molecular Structure of the Axon Initial Segment.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Consciousness and spintronic coherence in microtubules.Communicative & integrative biology · 2025Article
- Alterations in the axon initial segment plasticity is involved in early pathogenesis in Alzheimer's disease.MedComm · 2024Article
- The effects of neuron morphology and spatial distribution on the selectivity of dorsal root ganglion stimulation.Journal of neural engineering · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's Disease as a Membrane Dysfunction Tauopathy? New Insights into the Amyloid Cascade Hypothesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Changes in mitochondrial distribution occur at the axon initial segment in association with neurodegeneration in Drosophila.Biology open · 2024Article
- Changes in mitochondrial distribution occur at the axon initial segment in association with neurodegeneration inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Actin polymerization and longitudinal actin fibers in axon initial segment plasticity.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2024Article
- Thalamic Neuron Resilience during Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (ODS) Is Revealed by Primary Cilium Outgrowth and ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 13B Labeling in Axon Initial Segment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Neurofilament accumulations in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients' motor neurons impair axonal initial segment integrity.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- The Axon Initial Segment Plays a Dynamic Role in Peripheral Motor Neuron Synapse Regeneration following Injury.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- The core PCP protein Prickle2 regulates axon number and AIS maturation by binding to AnkG and modulating microtubule bundling.Science advances · 2022Article
- Pyramidal cell axon initial segment in Alzheimer´s disease.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3: Ion Channels, Plasticity, and Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- A mitochondria cluster at the proximal axon initial segment controls axodendritic TAU trafficking in rodent primary and human iPSC-derived neurons.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2022Article
- De novo mutations ofJournal of medical genetics · 2021Article
- Phosphorylated tau targeted small-molecule PROTACs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and tauopathies.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease · 2021Review
- EFA6 in Axon Regeneration, as a Microtubule Regulator and as a Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor.Cells · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized structure in neurons that resides in between axonal and somatodendritic domains. The localization of the AIS in neurons is ideal for its two major functions: it serves as the site of action potential firing and helps to maintain neuron polarity. It has become increasingly clear that the AIS cytoskeleton is fundamental to AIS functions. In this review, we discuss current understanding of the AIS cytoskeleton with particular interest in its unique architecture and role in maintenance of neuron polarity. The AIS cytoskeleton is divided into two parts, submembrane and cytoplasmic, based on localization, function, and molecular composition. Recent studies using electron and subdiffraction fluorescence microscopy indicate that submembrane cytoskeletal components (ankyrin G, βIV-spectrin, and actin filaments) form a sophisticated network in the AIS that is conceptually similar to the polygonal/triangular network of erythrocytes, with some important differences. Components of the AIS cytoplasmic cytoskeleton (microtubules, actin filaments, and neurofilaments) reside deeper within the AIS shaft and display structural features distinct from other neuronal domains. We discuss how the AIS submembrane and cytoplasmic cytoskeletons contribute to different aspects of AIS polarity function and highlight recent advances in understanding their AIS cytoskeletal assembly and stability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.