ArticleScientific reports2016
HIV-1 Tat exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine release via TLR4 signaling in the enteric nervous system.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Helminth Infection, Gut Microbiome Alterations, and Their Impact on Pulmonary Tuberculosis Susceptibility.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Review
- Butyrate prevents chemotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity and microbial dysbiosis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Butyrate Modulates Intestinal Microbiome and Epithelial Function to Attenuate Irinotecan-induced GI Toxicity.Research square · 2025Article
- Innate immune memory in chronic HIV and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND): potential mechanisms and clinical implications.Journal of neurovirology · 2024Review
- Regulatory T cells modulate monocyte functions in immunocompetent antiretroviral therapy naive HIV-1 infected people.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Neuroimmune Connectomes in the Gut and Their Implications in Parkinson's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- A cohort-based study of host gene expression: tumor suppressor and innate immune/inflammatory pathways associated with the HIV reservoir size.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- The mechanisms of nerve injury caused by viral infection in the occurrence of gastrointestinal motility disorder-related diseases.Virology journal · 2023Review
- Enteric nervous system as a target and source of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2023Review
- Article
- The Enteric Glia and Its Modulation by the Endocannabinoid System, a New Target for Cannabinoid-Based Nutraceuticals?Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Molecular Communication Between Neuronal Networks and Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Gut Inflammation and Parkinson's Disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- You Talking to Me? Says the Enteric Nervous System (ENS) to the Microbe. How Intestinal Microbes Interact with the ENS.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Review
- The effects of repetitive stress on tat protein-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release and steroid receptor expression in the hippocampus of rats.Metabolic brain disease · 2018Article
- CCR5 mediates HIV-1 Tat-induced neuroinflammation and influences morphine tolerance, dependence, and reward.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2018Article
- Chronic low-level expression of HIV-1 Tat promotes a neurodegenerative phenotype with aging.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Connexin-purinergic signaling in enteric glia mediates the prolonged effect of morphine on constipation.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2017Article
- PKC-δ isoform plays a crucial role in Tat-TLR4 signalling pathway to activate NF-κB and CXCL8 production.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Potential roles of enteric glia in bridging neuroimmune communication in the gut.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The loss of gut epithelium integrity leads to translocation of microbes and microbial products resulting in immune activation and drives systemic inflammation in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Although viral loads in HIV patients are significantly reduced in the post-cART era, inflammation and immune activation persist and can lead to morbidity. Here, we determined the interactive effects of the viral protein HIV-1 Tat and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on enteric neurons and glia. Bacterial translocation was significantly enhanced in Tat-expressing (Tat+) mice. Exposure to HIV-1 Tat in combination with LPS enhanced the expression and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α in the ilea of Tat+ mice and by enteric glia. This coincided with enhanced NF-κB activation in enteric glia that was abrogated in glia from TLR4 knockout mice and by knockdown (siRNA) of MyD88 siRNA in wild type glia. The synergistic effects of Tat and LPS resulted in a reduced rate of colonic propulsion in Tat+ mice treated with LPS. These results show that HIV-1 Tat interacts with the TLR4 receptor to enhance the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS leading to gastrointestinal dysmotility and enhanced immune activation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.