Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27491532›Full record

SynthesisThe British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science2016

Longitudinal course of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia: systematic review.

Rianne M van der Linde, Tom Dening, Blossom C M Stephan, A Matthew Prina, Elizabeth Evans, Carol Brayne

3 registry-linked trialsAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 118 papers, 16 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
118citing papers in PubMed, 16 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03569722 terminatednot on this mapstarted 2018, after this paper: background citation

EpxCogScreen -- A Phone-based Rapid Cognitive Screen (RCS)

TypeobservationalSponsorTheodore Malmstrom, PhDRan2018 to 2019Enrolled4ConditionsDementia, Telemedicine, Cognitive Dysfunction
NCT04436081 phase2recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Effects of THC-Free CBD Oil on Agitation in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorEastern Virginia Medical SchoolRan2021 to 2024Enrolled40ConditionsAlzheimer Disease, Dementia, Major Neurocognitive Disorder With Aggressive BehaviorArmsTHC-free CBD Oil, Placebo
NCT05706792 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effectiveness of the Nordic Sensi Chair in the Treatment of Dementia Behavioral Disorders (NSC-DEMEN Study)

TypeinterventionalSponsorFundación Pública Andaluza para la Investigación de Málaga en Biomedicina y SaludRan2022 to 2022Enrolled88ConditionsDementiaArmsNordic Sensi Chair
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

118 citing papers in PubMed, 16 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025
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  13. Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018
    Pooled it
  14. Pooled it
  15. Pharmacological interventions for apathy in Alzheimer's disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018
    Pooled it
  16. Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017
    Pooled it
  17. Trial
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58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Rianne M van der LindeRianne M. van der Linde, PhD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge; Tom Dening, FRCPsych, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham; Blossom C. M. Stephan, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; A. Matthew Prina, PhD, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; Elizabeth Evans, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; Carol Brayne, MD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK rmv23@medschl.cam.ac.uk.
Tom DeningRianne M. van der Linde, PhD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge; Tom Dening, FRCPsych, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham; Blossom C. M. Stephan, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; A. Matthew Prina, PhD, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; Elizabeth Evans, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; Carol Brayne, MD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK.
Blossom C M StephanRianne M. van der Linde, PhD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge; Tom Dening, FRCPsych, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham; Blossom C. M. Stephan, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; A. Matthew Prina, PhD, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; Elizabeth Evans, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; Carol Brayne, MD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK.
A Matthew PrinaRianne M. van der Linde, PhD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge; Tom Dening, FRCPsych, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham; Blossom C. M. Stephan, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; A. Matthew Prina, PhD, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; Elizabeth Evans, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; Carol Brayne, MD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK.
Elizabeth EvansRianne M. van der Linde, PhD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge; Tom Dening, FRCPsych, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham; Blossom C. M. Stephan, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; A. Matthew Prina, PhD, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; Elizabeth Evans, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; Carol Brayne, MD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK.
Carol BrayneRianne M. van der Linde, PhD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge; Tom Dening, FRCPsych, Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham; Blossom C. M. Stephan, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; A. Matthew Prina, PhD, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London; Elizabeth Evans, PhD, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University; Carol Brayne, MD, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council MRC RG56433Medical Research Council MR/K021907/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMore information about the pattern of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in the course of dementia is needed to inform patients and clinicians and to design future interventions.

aimsTo determine the persistence and incidence of BPSD and their relation to cognitive function, in individuals with dementia or in cohorts investigated for dementia onset.

methodA systematic literature review analysed the baseline prevalence, persistence and incidence of 11 symptoms. The review was conducted according to established guidelines with the exception that we could not exclude the possibilities of bias in the studies examined.

resultsThe 59 included studies showed considerable heterogeneity in their objectives and methods. The symptoms hyperactivity and apathy showed high persistence and incidence; depression and anxiety low or moderate persistence and moderate incidence; and psychotic symptoms low persistence with moderate or low incidence.

conclusionsDespite heterogeneity across studies in terms of setting, focus and length of follow-up, there were clinically relevant differences in the longitudinal courses of different BPSD. Apathy was the only symptom with high baseline prevalence, persistence and incidence during the course of dementia.

Indexed as

Disease ProgressionBehavioral SymptomsDementiaHumans

Identifiers

PMID27491532
PMCPMC5100633

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.