ArticleScientific reports2016
Epidemiological and Evolutionary Inference of the Transmission Network of the 2014 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N2 Outbreak in British Columbia, Canada.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatiotemporal reconstruction of the North American A(H5N1) outbreak reveals successive lineage replacements by descendant reassortants.Science advances · 2025Article
- Avian Influenza Clade 2.3.4.4b: Global Impact and Summary Analysis of Vaccine Trials.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Emergence, migration and spreading of the high pathogenicity avian influenza virus H5NX of the Gs/Gd lineage into America.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Genomic Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of Five Avian Influenza H5N1 Subtypes from WildVeterinary sciences · 2025Article
- Applying Field and Genomic Epidemiology Methods to Investigate Transmission Networks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A (H5N1) in Domestic Poultry in British Columbia, Canada (2022-2023).Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Recent Occurrence, Diversity, and Candidate Vaccine Virus Selection for Pandemic H5N1: Alert Is in the Air.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Novel Epidemiologic Features of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus A H5N1 2.3.3.4b Panzootic: A Review.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Review
- Integration of Epidemiological and Genomic Data to Investigate H5N1 HPAI Outbreaks in Northern Italy in 2021-2022.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Phylogenetic Inference of the 2022 Highly Pathogenic H7N3 Avian Influenza Outbreak in Northern Mexico.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Transatlantic spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 by wild birds from Europe to North America in 2021.Scientific reports · 2022Article
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- Methods Combining Genomic and Epidemiological Data in the Reconstruction of Transmission Trees: A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Mutations in PB1, NP, HA, and NA Contribute to Increased Virus Fitness of H5N2 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Clade 2.3.4.4 in Chickens.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Pandemic potential of highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4 A(H5) viruses.Reviews in medical virology · 2020Review
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- Genetic analysis identifies potential transmission of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses between poultry farms.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2019Article
- Evolutionary analysis of human parechovirus type 3 and clinical outcomes of infection during the 2017-18 Australian epidemic.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Integration of genetic and epidemiological data to infer H5N8 HPAI virus transmission dynamics during the 2016-2017 epidemic in Italy.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Transmission Dynamics of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus A(H5Nx) Clade 2.3.4.4, North America, 2014-2015.Emerging infectious diseases · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The first North American outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) involving a virus of Eurasian A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (H5N1) lineage began in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada in late November 2014. A total of 11 commercial and 1 non-commercial (backyard) operations were infected before the outbreak was terminated. Control measures included movement restrictions that were placed on a total of 404 individual premises, 150 of which were located within a 3 km radius of an infected premise(s) (IP). A complete epidemiological investigation revealed that the source of this HPAI H5N2 virus for 4 of the commercial IPs and the single non-commercial IP likely involved indirect contact with wild birds. Three IPs were associated with the movement of birds or service providers and localized/environmental spread was suspected as the source of infection for the remaining 4 IPs. Viral phylogenies, as determined by Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood methods, were used to validate the epidemiologically inferred transmission network. The phylogenetic clustering of concatenated viral genomes and the median-joining phylogenetic network of the viruses supported, for the most part, the transmission network that was inferred by the epidemiologic analysis.
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