ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2016
Mediation Analysis for Health Disparities Research.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 132 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is Limited English Proficiency Associated With Differences in Care Processes and Treatment Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Orthopaedic Surgery? A Systematic Review.Clinical orthopaedics and related research · 2024Pooled it
- Intersectionality in quantitative health disparities research: A systematic review of challenges and limitations in empirical studies.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2021Pooled it
- Epidemiology of Health-Related Social Needs Screening and Positivity in a Multistate Health System.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Race and Ethnicity, Hypertension, and Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Aging: A Causal Mediation Analysis in the HABS-HD Study.Neurology · 2026Article
- Racial Differences in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Incident Hypertension: A Mediation Analysis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Causal Inference in Health Disparities Research.Annual review of public health · 2026Review
- Covariate adjustment in LGBTQ+ health disparities research: aligning methods with assumptions.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Cumulative Lifespan Stress, Inflammation, and Racial Disparities in Mortality Between Black and White Adults.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Indirect association of kinesiophobia with physical activity through pain self-efficacy in older women with primary osteoporosis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Observational
- Decomposition of longitudinal disparities: an application to the fetal growth-singletons study.Biostatistics (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Real-world treatment patterns among patients diagnosed with hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer in the USA.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Observational
- Racial differences in quantitative background parenchymal enhancement on breast magnetic resonance imaging.Cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- Predialysis Nephrology Care Disparities and Incident Vascular Access Among Hispanic Individuals.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Can nutrition-sensitive agriculture interventions address intersectional inequalities in women's diets? A mediation analysis using cross-sectional trial data from Odisha, India.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Are ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes mediated by occupation risk? Analyses of a 2-year record linked national cohort study in Scotland.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- How much could anemia-related interventions reduce the HIV disparity in adverse birth outcomes?American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- A Review of the Causal Decomposition Framework for Modeling Interventions that Reduce Disparities.Current epidemiology reports · 2025Article
- Race- and Ethnicity-Related Disparities in Predialysis Nephrology Care, Kidney Disease Education, and Home Dialysis Utilization.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Article
- A hypothetical intervention to reduce inequities in anxiety for Multiracial people: simulating an intervention on childhood adversity.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Social epidemiologists often seek to determine the mechanisms that underlie health disparities. This work is typically based on mediation procedures that may not be justified with exposures of common interest in social epidemiology. In this analysis, we explored the consequences of using standard approaches, referred to as the difference and generalized product methods, when mediator-outcome confounders are associated with the exposure. We compared these with inverse probability-weighted marginal structural models, the structural transformation method, doubly robust g-estimation of a structural nested model, and doubly robust targeted minimum loss-based estimation. We used data on 900,726 births from 2003 to 2007 in the Penn Moms study, conducted in Pennsylvania, to assess the extent to which breastfeeding prior to hospital discharge explained the racial disparity in infant mortality. Overall, for every 1,000 births, 3.36 more infant deaths occurred among non-Hispanic black women relative to all other women (95% confidence interval: 2.78, 3.93). Using the difference and generalized product methods to assess the disparity that would remain if everyone breastfed prior to discharge suggested a complete elimination of the disparity (risk difference = -0.87 per 1,000 births; 95% confidence interval: -1.39, -0.35). In contrast, doubly robust methods suggested a reduction in the disparity to 2.45 (95% confidence interval: 2.20, 2.71) more infant deaths per 1,000 births among non-Hispanic black women. Standard approaches for mediation analysis in health disparities research can yield misleading results.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.