Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27487886›Full record

ArticleMedical physics2016

Technical Note: A treatment plan comparison between dynamic collimation and a fixed aperture during spot scanning proton therapy for brain treatment.

Blake Smith, Edgar Gelover, Alexandra Moignier, Dongxu Wang, Ryan T Flynn, Liyong Lin, Maura Kirk, Tim Solberg, Daniel E Hyer

Open access · greenAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Medical physics, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Use of apertures in single-energy pristine Bragg peak FLASH radiotherapy.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2026
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  11. A scoping review of patient selection methods for proton therapy.Journal of medical radiation sciences · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Blake SmithDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.
Edgar GeloverDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.
Alexandra MoignierDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.
Dongxu WangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.
Ryan T FlynnDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.
Liyong LinDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, TRC 2 West, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
Maura KirkDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, TRC 2 West, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
Tim SolbergDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, TRC 2 West, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
Daniel E HyerDepartment of Radiation Oncology, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.
University of Iowa · USUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

Viral VectorP30CA086862 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI Mark E Burkard · 2000 to 2026
$70.0M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo quantitatively assess the advantages of energy-layer specific dynamic collimation system (DCS) versus a per-field fixed aperture for spot scanning proton therapy (SSPT).

methodsFive brain cancer patients previously planned and treated with SSPT were replanned using an in-house treatment planning system capable of modeling collimated and uncollimated proton beamlets. The uncollimated plans, which served as a baseline for comparison, reproduced the target coverage and organ-at-risk sparing of the clinically delivered plans. The collimator opening for the fixed aperture-based plans was determined from the combined cross sections of the target in the beam's eye view over all energy layers which included an additional margin equivalent to the maximum beamlet displacement for the respective energy of that energy layer. The DCS-based plans were created by selecting appropriate collimator positions for each row of beam spots during a Raster-style scanning pattern which were optimized to maximize the dose contributions to the target and limited the dose delivered to adjacent normal tissue.

resultsThe reduction of mean dose to normal tissue adjacent to the target, as defined by a 10 mm ring surrounding the target, averaged 13.65% (range: 11.8%-16.9%) and 5.18% (2.9%-7.1%) for the DCS and fixed aperture plans, respectively. The conformity index, as defined by the ratio of the volume of the 50% isodose line to the target volume, yielded an average improvement of 21.35% (19.4%-22.6%) and 8.38% (4.7%-12.0%) for the DCS and fixed aperture plans, respectively.

conclusionsThe ability of the DCS to provide collimation to each energy layer yielded better conformity in comparison to fixed aperture plans.

Indexed as

Proton TherapyBrain NeoplasmsHumansRadiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted

Identifiers

PMID27487886
PMCPMC5360163
OpenAlexW2503119724

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.