ArticleJournal of neurodevelopmental disorders2016
A quantitative measure of restricted and repetitive behaviors for early childhood.
Article in Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preliminary Prospective Study of Pharmaceutical-Grade Cannabidiol for Seizure Frequency, Anxiety, and Comorbid Symptoms in Pediatric Epilepsy: Associations With Circulating Endocannabinoids and Lipid Biomarkers.Journal of child neurology · 2026Article
- Mitigating Sex-Related Biases to Elucidate the Autism Phenotype.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Gender and Medication-Related Patterns of Sensory Reactivity, Repetitive Behaviors, Severity and Motor Coordination in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- The association between infant EEG aperiodic exponent and the trajectory of restricted and repetitive behaviors for toddlers with and without autism.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Article
- Promoting Reciprocal Relationships with Flexibility, Coaching, and Teaching (PRRFCT Match): A Virtual Parent-Mediated Intervention Package for Young Children with Developmental Disabilities.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Article
- Prospective Characterisation of Age-Related Changes in Self-Injurious Behaviour in a Sample of Children With Global Developmental Delay Aged 2-12 Years.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2025Article
- Modifying quantitative sensory testing to investigate tactile sensory function and behavioral reactivity in children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: establishing feasibility and testing sex, autism, and self-injury effects.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2025Article
- Social and Communication Development in Infants with Isolated Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2024Article
- The Evolutionary and Developmental Pathways of Obsessive Compulsive Rituals in Psychopathology.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Validation of an Enhanced Telehealth Platform for Toddlers at Increased Likelihood for a Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Neurobehavioral outcomes of neonatal asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection at 12-months.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2024Article
- Fundamental behavioral and neurophysiologic relationships between sensory processing, intolerance of uncertainty, and autistic traits in children: A hybrid approach.Biological psychology · 2023Article
- Pilot protocol for the Parent and Infant Inter(X)action Intervention (PIXI) feasibility study.PloS one · 2023Article
- Identification of diagnostic markers for ASD: a restrictive interest analysis based on EEG combined with eye tracking.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Effects of Augmented Reality Game-Based Cognitive-Motor Training on Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors and Executive Function in Patients with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Repetitive Behavior Scale for Early Childhood (RBS-EC): Psychometrics and Developmental Effects with a Community Sample.Child psychiatry and human development · 2022Article
- Cataloguing and characterizing interests in typically developing toddlers and toddlers who develop ASD.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2021Article
- Phenoscreening: a developmental approach to research domain criteria-motivated sampling.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2021Article
- Coaching via Telehealth: Caregiver-Mediated Interventions for Young Children on the Waitlist for an Autism Diagnosis Using Single-Case Design.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Longitudinal change in restricted and repetitive behaviors from 8-36 months.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRestricted and repetitive behaviors are characteristic phenotypic features of many neurodevelopmental, psychiatric, and neurological conditions. During early childhood, such behaviors are considered normative. More research is needed to delineate the dimensions of restricted and repetitive behavior across typical and atypical development during this period.
methodsWe developed the 34-item parent-rated Repetitive Behavior Scale for Early Childhood (RBS-EC) to capture quantitative, dimensional features across a broad range of behaviors contributing to this domain. We evaluated its psychometric properties and factor structure in a community sample of 914 toddlers.
resultsThe RBS-EC showed excellent overall internal consistency (α = 0.90), strong test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.87 for topographies and 0.90 for frequency) and evidence of convergent and discriminative validity. Using a split-half approach to factor analysis, we identified that a three- or four-factor structure best fit the data and confirmatory factor analysis indicated acceptable fit for both models. The empirically derived four-factor model was consistent with our conceptual model and included repetitive motor, restricted interests and behavior, ritual and routine, and self-directed behavior.
conclusionsThis initial study indicates that the RBS-EC is a reliable and valid instrument for characterizing quantitative, dimensional aspects of restricted and repetitive behaviors in young children.
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