ArticleThe oncologist2016
Analysis of Real-World Data on Overall Survival in Multiple Myeloma Patients With ≥3 Prior Lines of Therapy Including a Proteasome Inhibitor (PI) and an Immunomodulatory Drug (IMiD), or Double Refractory to a PI and an IMiD.
Article in The oncologist, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy and safety of BCMA-targeted CAR T cells and BiTEs in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis of interventional and real-world studies.Annals of hematology · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of novel monoclonal antibodies for treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.Oncotarget · 2017Pooled it
- Comparative Effectiveness of Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel in CARTITUDE-4 Versus Real-World Physician's Choice of Therapy from the Flatiron Registry in Lenalidomide-Refractory Multiple Myeloma.Advances in therapy · 2025Trial
- Patient-reported outcomes in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma treated with melflufen plus dexamethasone: analyses from the Phase II HORIZON study.British journal of haematology · 2022Trial
- A phase I/II study of ixazomib, pomalidomide, and dexamethasone for lenalidomide and proteasome inhibitor refractory multiple myeloma (Alliance A061202).American journal of hematology · 2021Trial
- EMA Review of Belantamab Mafodotin (Blenrep) for the Treatment of Adult Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma.The oncologist · 2021Trial
- Ibrutinib alone or with dexamethasone for relapsed or relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma: phase 2 trial results.British journal of haematology · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Condensed vs. Standard Step-Up Dosing Schedule of Talquetamab in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma.European journal of haematology · 2026Article
- Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma initiating elranatamab: results from the ALTITUDE-1 and ALTITUDE-2 retrospective cohort studies.Future oncology (London, England) · 2026Observational
- The bone marrow immune ecosystem shapes daratumumab acquired resistance in plasma cell myeloma.Leukemia · 2025Article
- Impact of daratumumab refractoriness on clinical outcomes following CAR T-cell therapy for relapsed refractory multiple myeloma.Blood cancer journal · 2025Article
- Belantamab mafodotin in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: a real-world experience.Blood neoplasia · 2025Article
- Real-World Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma and 1-3 Prior Lines of Therapy: Optum Database.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Improving Advanced-Line Multiple Myeloma Care: Insights and Real-World Challenges from the EMMY Study.Clinical hematology international · 2025Article
- Article
- Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (1-3 prior lines): Flatiron database.Blood advances · 2024Article
- The Real-World Outcomes of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Treated with Elotuzumab, Pomalidomide, and Dexamethasone.Hematology reports · 2024Article
- From Triple- to Penta-Exposed Multiple Myeloma: A Real-World Study in a Medicare Population.Oncology and therapy · 2024Article
- Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis retrospective study evaluated the treatment patterns in and overall survival (OS) of multiple myeloma (MM) patients who were refractory to a proteasome inhibitor (PI) and an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) or who had received three or more prior lines of therapy (LOTs) including a PI and an IMiD.
methodsElectronic health records in the IMS LifeLink and OPTUM databases were screened for indexing periods of 2000-2014 and 2007-2014, respectively. Patients who were refractory to both a PI and an IMiD (criterion 1) or who received three or more prior LOTs (including a PI and an IMiD) and showed disease progression within 60 days of their most recent regimen (criterion 2) comprised the eligible population. Median OS from time of last LOT was assessed for the full cohort, cohorts meeting criteria 1 and 2, and clinically important subgroups.
resultsOf 3,929 and 3,837 patients with MM diagnoses evaluated in the IMS LifeLink and OPTUM databases, 500 and 162 met the eligibility criteria, respectively. Similar median OS was observed for eligible patients in the IMS LifeLink and OPTUM databases (7.9 vs. 7.9 months;
conclusionThe findings of this survival analysis suggest that outcomes for these patients remain poor despite the availability of newer agents. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: This real-world retrospective study of electronic health records examines the survival outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma who are heavily pretreated or highly refractory to currently approved treatments, including recently approved proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs. This survival analysis showed that outcomes for these patients remain poor despite the availability of newer agents, with median overall survival of approximately 8 months. These findings highlight a critical need to develop novel therapies for these patients and also serve as a reference point against which emerging agents for heavily pretreated or highly refractory disease may be evaluated.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.