Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27485851›Full record

ArticleDiabetes research and clinical practice2016

Diabetes mellitus in Zambia and the Western Cape province of South Africa: Prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis and management.

Sarah Lou Bailey, Helen Ayles, Nulda Beyers, Peter Godfrey-Faussett, Monde Muyoyeta, Elizabeth du Toit, John S Yudkin, Sian Floyd

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes research and clinical practice, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in South Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Pooled it
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  19. Risk Factors for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Death in a Population Cohort Study from the Western Cape Province, South Africa.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sarah Lou BaileyLSHTM TB Centre and Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK; Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa. Electronic address: slbailey@doctors.org.uk.
Helen AylesLSHTM TB Centre and Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK; Zambart, Ridgeway Campus, Lusaka, Zambia.
Nulda BeyersDesmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
Peter Godfrey-FaussettLSHTM TB Centre and Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.
Monde MuyoyetaZambart, Ridgeway Campus, Lusaka, Zambia.
Elizabeth du ToitDesmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
John S YudkinUniversity College London, Gower Street, London, UK.
Sian FloydLSHTM TB Centre and Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo determine the prevalence of and risk factors for diabetes mellitus and examine its diagnosis and management in the study communities.

methodsThis is a population-based cross-sectional study among adults in 24 communities from Zambia and the Western Cape (WC) province of South Africa. Diabetes is defined as a random blood glucose concentration (RBG)⩾11.1mmol/L, or RBG<11.1mmol/L but with a self-reported prior diabetes diagnosis. For individuals with a prior diagnosis of diabetes, RBG<7.8mmol/L was considered to be an acceptable level of glycaemia.

resultsAmong 45,767 Zambian and 12,496 WC participants the age-standardised prevalence of diabetes was 3.5% and 7.2% respectively. The highest risk groups identified were those of older age and those with obesity. Of those identified to have diabetes, 34.5% in Zambia and 12.7% in WC were previously unaware of their diagnosis. Among Zambian participants with diabetes, this proportion was lower among individuals with better education or with higher household socio-economic position. Of all those with previously diagnosed diabetes, 66.0% in Zambia and 59.4% in WC were not on any diabetes treatment, and 34.4% in Zambia and 32.7% in WC had a RBG concentration beyond the recommended level, ⩾7.8mmol/L.

conclusionsThe diabetes risk factor profile for our study communities is similar to that seen in high-income populations. A high proportion of individuals with diabetes are not on diabetes treatment and of those on treatment a high proportion have high glycaemic concentrations. Such data may assist in healthcare planning to ensure timely diagnosis and management of diabetes.

Indexed as

Disease ManagementRisk AssessmentAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBlood GlucoseCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes MellitusFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsSouth AfricaBlood GlucoseCross-sectional studyEpidemiologySouthern Africa

Identifiers

PMID27485851
PMCPMC4994576

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.