ArticleBrain research2017
Nicotine produces long-term increases in cocaine reinforcement in adolescent but not adult rats.
Article in Brain research, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adolescent nicotine exposure and persistent neurocircuitry changes: unveiling lifelong psychiatric risks.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Review
- Melanin-Concentrating Hormone (MCH): Role in Mediating Reward-Motivated and Emotional Behavior and the Behavioral Disturbances Produced by Repeated Exposure to Reward Substances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Long-term effects of adolescent versus adult nicotine self-administration on cholinergic modulation of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens core.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Article
- Neurological Disorders Induced by Drug Use: Effects of Adolescent and Embryonic Drug Exposure on Behavioral Neurodevelopment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Consequences of adolescent drug use.Translational psychiatry · 2023Review
- Nicotine Enhances Intravenous Self-administration of Cannabinoids in Adult Rats.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- E-cigarettes may serve as a gateway to conventional cigarettes and other addictive drugs.Advances in drug and alcohol research · 2023Review
- Unique effects of nicotine across the lifespan.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2022Review
- Adolescent nicotine treatment causes robust locomotor sensitization during adolescence but impedes the spontaneous acquisition of nicotine intake in adult female Wistar rats.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2021Article
- Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2020Review
- Effects of nicotine exposure on oral methamphetamine self-administration, extinction, and drug-primed reinstatement in adolescent male and female rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2020Article
- Nicotine Gateway Effects on Adolescent Substance Use.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2019Review
- Cocaine Directly Inhibits α6-Containing Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Human SH-EP1 Cells and Mouse VTA DA Neurons.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- The effect of nicotine pre-exposure on demand for cocaine and sucrose in male rats.Behavioural pharmacology · 2018Article
- Article
- Prior Exposure to Alcohol Has No Effect on Cocaine Self-Administration and Relapse in Rats: Evidence from a Rat Model that Does Not Support the Gateway Hypothesis.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Studies have shown that many smokers begin using nicotine during adolescence, yet the influence of early nicotine use on the response to other drugs of abuse in adulthood is not fully understood. In the current study, nicotine was administered to adolescent and adult rats for seven days. Thirty days later, cocaine-induced locomotor activity and cocaine self-administration were examined when the rats pretreated as adolescents were adults. Rats exposed to nicotine during early adolescence were sensitized thirty days later to the locomotor-activating effects of cocaine and self-administered a greater number of cocaine infusions than adolescent rats pretreated with vehicle. As a result of this increased intake, the cocaine self-administration dose-response curve was shifted upward indicating an increase in cocaine reinforcement. Rats pretreated with nicotine as adults, however, did not show a difference in locomotor activity or cocaine self-administration thirty days later compared to adult rats pretreated with vehicle. These findings suggest that early exposure to nicotine has long-term consequences on cocaine use. These data further suggest that nicotine use may carry a greater risk during adolescence than adulthood and adolescents who smoke may be particularly vulnerable to stimulant use. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Adolescent plasticity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.