Trial reportChild psychiatry and human development2017
Augmenting Cognitive Behavior Therapy for School Refusal with Fluoxetine: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Child psychiatry and human development, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Modifiable Parent Factors Associated with Child and Adolescent School Refusal: A Systematic Review.Child psychiatry and human development · 2023Pooled it
- Long-term harms from previous use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: A systematic review.The International journal of risk & safety in medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Pharmacologic Treatments for School Refusal Behavior.Journal of child and adolescent psychopharmacologyPooled it
- The Effectiveness of Modular Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Versus Treatment as Usual for Youths Displaying School Attendance Problems: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Trial
- A Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) study of medication and CBT sequencing in the treatment of pediatric anxiety disorders.BMC psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Cognitive-behavioural therapy in hospital day-care unit for adolescents with severe anxious school refusal: a phase II multicentre study.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Network analysis of school refusal behavior and internalizing and externalizing problems among Chinese adolescents.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- A coach-assisted, online parenting programme to support parents of adolescents who refuse school: evidence of acceptability and feasibility.BJPsych open · 2025Article
- Cognitive Behavioral Interventions for School Attendance Problems: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Child psychiatry and human development · 2025Review
- Adapting a coach-assisted web-based intervention for parents of adolescents who refuse school: qualitative study with users of the Partners in Parenting Plus programme.BJPsych open · 2024Article
- Article
- School distress and the school attendance crisis: a story dominated by neurodivergence and unmet need.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of youths and parents seeking psychological treatment for school attendance problems.PloS one · 2022Article
- Signposts for School Refusal Interventions, Based on the Views of Stakeholders.Continuity in education · 2022Article
- Research Review: Pediatric anxiety disorders - what have we learnt in the last 10 years?Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2021Review
- A Scoping Review of Constructs Measured Following Intervention for School Refusal: Are We Measuring Up?Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Reconciling Contemporary Approaches to School Attendance and School Absenteeism: Toward Promotion and Nimble Response, Global Policy Review and Implementation, and Future Adaptability (Part 1).Frontiers in psychology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study investigates whether the augmentation of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) with fluoxetine improves outcomes in anxious school refusing adolescents (11-16.5 years). Sixty-two participants were randomly allocated to CBT alone, CBT + fluoxetine or CBT + placebo. All treatments were well tolerated; with one suicide-attempt in the CBT + placebo group. All groups improved significantly on primary (school attendance) and secondary outcome measures (anxiety, depression, self-efficacy and clinician-rated global functioning); with gains largely maintained at 6-months and 1-year. Few participants were anxiety disorder free after acute treatment. During the follow-up period anxiety and depressive disorders continued to decline whilst school attendance remained stable, at around 54 %. The only significant between-group difference was greater adolescent-reported treatment satisfaction in the CBT + fluoxetine group than the CBT alone group. These results indicate the chronicity of school refusal, and the need for future research into how to best improve school attendance rates.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.