ArticleBMC cancer2016
Recapitulating epithelial tumor microenvironment in vitro using three dimensional tri-culture of human epithelial, endothelial, and mesenchymal cells.
Article in BMC cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advantages and research progress of three-dimensional culture systems for lung cancer drug screening (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Article
- 3D In Vitro Models of Breast Cancer: Current Challenges and Future Prospects Toward Recapitulating the Microenvironment and Mimicking Key Processes.Advanced biology · 2025Review
- Towards a 3D-Printed Millifluidic Device for Investigating Cellular Processes.Micromachines · 2024Article
- Tumoroids, a valid preclinical screening platform for monitoring cancer angiogenesis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Review
- 3D Models of Sarcomas: The Next-generation Tool for Personalized Medicine.Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- A fully 3D-printed versatile tumor-on-a-chip allows multi-drug screening and correlation with clinical outcomes for personalized medicine.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Cell Culture Model Evolution and Its Impact on Improving Therapy Efficiency in Lung Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
- Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement of Animal Experiments in Anticancer Drug Development: The Contribution of 3D In Vitro Cancer Models in the Drug Efficacy Assessment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- AnFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Establishment of a three‑dimensional triculture model on the novel AXTEX‑4D™ platform.Oncology reports · 2023Article
- Mesenchymal-endothelial nexus in breast cancer spheroids induces vasculogenesis and local invasion in a CAM model.Communications biology · 2022Article
- 3D Printed Solutions for Spheroid Engineering and Cancer Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- A Nanosized Codelivery System Based on Intracellular Stimuli-Triggered Dual-Drug Release for Multilevel Chemotherapy Amplification in Drug-Resistant Breast Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Review
- Patient-derived cancer models: Valuable platforms for anticancer drug testing.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Multicellular Tumor Spheroids in Nanomedicine Research: A Perspective.Frontiers in medical technology · 2022Article
- Optimization of tumor spheroid model in mesothelioma and lung cancers and anti-cancer drug testing in H2052/484 spheroids.Oncotarget · 2021Article
- Cancer stem cells and strategies for targeted drug delivery.Drug delivery and translational research · 2021Review
- Patient-Derived Explants of Colorectal Cancer: Histopathological and Molecular Analysis of Long-Term Cultures.Cancers · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThree-dimensional (3-D) cultures of cancer cells can potentially bridge the gap between 2-D drug screening and in vivo xenografts. The objective of this study was to characterize the cellular and extracellular matrix characteristics of spheroids composed of human lung epithelial cells (epi), pulmonary vascular endothelial (endo) cells, and human marrow-derived mesenchymal stems cells (MSCs).
methodsSpheroids composed of epi/endo/MSCs, termed herein as synthetic tumor microenvironment mimics (STEMs), were prepared by the hanging drop method. Cellular composition and distribution in the STEMs was characterized using fluorescence microscopy. Induction of reactive oxygen species and upregulation of efflux transporters was quantified using fluorometry and PCR, respectively, and phenotypic markers were qualitatively assessed using immunohistochemistry.
resultsSTEMs exhibited three unique characteristics not captured in other spheroid cultures namely, the presence of a spheroid core devoid of epithelial cells and primarily composed of MSCs, a small viable population of endothelial cells hypothesized to be closely associated with MSCs within the hypoxic core, and discrete regions with high expression for vimentin and cytokeratin-18, whose co-expression is co-related with enhanced metastasis. Although cells within STEMs show elevated levels of reactive oxygen species and mRNA for ABC-B1, an efflux transporter associated with drug resistance, they exhibited only modest resistance to paclitaxel and gemcitabine in comparison to 2-D tri-cultures.
conclusionsThe epi/endo/MSC spheroid model described herein offers a promising platform for understanding tumor biology and drug testing in vitro.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.