Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27484365›Full record

ArticleOphthalmology and therapy2016

Strategies for Improving Patient Comfort During Intravitreal Injections: Results from a Survey-Based Study.

Jessica Gomez, Dara D Koozekanani, Alex Z Feng, Mitchell Holt, Paul Drayna, Melissa R Mackley, Frederik J G M van Kuijk, Robert M Beardsley, Richard H Johnston, Joseph M Terry and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmology and therapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Next generation therapeutics for retinal neurodegenerative diseases.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jessica GomezDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Dara D KoozekananiDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Alex Z FengMedical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Mitchell HoltMedical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Paul DraynaDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Melissa R MackleyMayo School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
Frederik J G M van KuijkDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Robert M BeardsleyDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Richard H JohnstonEdina Retina Consultants, Edina, MN, USA.
Joseph M TerryDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Sandra R MontezumaDepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. smontezu@umn.edu.
University of Minnesota · USUniversity of Minnesota Medical Center · USMayo Clinic in Arizona · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMany ocular diseases require intravitreal injections of pharmacological agents. Optimizing patients' experiences during injections is important to ensure compliance and maintenance of quality of life. The objective of this study was to identify strategies to help alleviate discomfort during intravitreal injections.

methodsA cross-sectional study surveying 128 patients during clinic visits between 2014 and 2015 in two outpatient Retina Clinics (one academic and one private). Patients receiving an intravitreal injection(s) for any retinal disorder were given a questionnaire with 10-yes/no responses for various potential strategies. Responses were stratified by sex, age (<30 years, 30-60 years, and >60 years) and total number of prior injections (0-9 injections, 10-20 injections and >20 injections).

resultsA total of 128 patients were surveyed: 59 males, 41 females and 28 with no sex specified. Our results identified four favorable strategies as those receiving more than 50% "yes" votes. These included the presence of technician/staff during the procedure, the use of a neck pillow, a verbal warning before the injection and performing injections in both eyes on the same day. Other specific strategies were identified for females, younger patients and those with greatest experience. These included: females preferred having their hand held during injections (P = 0.001) and using a stress ball (P = 0.000) when compared to males. Stratifying by age, patients 30-60 years old preferred having their hand held (P = 0.008) and background music (P = 0.007). Stratifying by prior injections, patients with >20 prior injections preferred having their hand held (P = 0.001), using a stress ball (P = 0.021) and, if necessary, having bilateral injections performed the same day to improve comfort (P = 0.037).

conclusionsHaving an extra staff member present during the injection, having a neck pillow, having a verbal warning prior to injection and having both eyes injected on the same day were indicated as favorable strategies by over half of those surveyed. Further, specific strategies were identified for females, younger patients (30-60 years old) and those with greatest experience (>20 injections).

Indexed as

ComfortDrug deliveryIntravitreal injectionPatientQuality improvementRetinal disease

Identifiers

PMID27484365
PMCPMC5125120
OpenAlexW2506216984

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.