ArticleOtolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery2016
Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Otitis Media in an Indigenous Filipino Population.
Article in Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- A NovelInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The A2ml1-Knockout mouse as an animal model for non-syndromic otitis media.International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · 2024Article
- Audiologic Measures in an Indigenous Community withGenetic testing and molecular biomarkers · 2023Article
- Otitis media susceptibility and shifts in the head and neck microbiome due toJournal of medical genetics · 2021Article
- Identification of Novel Candidate Genes and Variants for Hearing Loss and Temporal Bone Anomalies.Genes · 2021Article
- Panel 6: Otitis media and associated hearing loss among disadvantaged populations and low to middle-income countries.International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology · 2020Article
- Article
- A2ML1 and otitis media: novel variants, differential expression, and relevant pathways.Human mutation · 2019Article
- Current Understanding of Host Genetics of Otitis Media.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Review
- Genetic counseling in an indigenous Filipino community with a high prevalence of A2ML1-related otitis media.Journal of community genetics · 2019Article
- Recurrent Acute Otitis Media: What Are the Options for Treatment and Prevention?Current otorhinolaryngology reports · 2017Review
- Middle ear microbiome differences in indigenous Filipinos with chronic otitis media due to a duplication in the A2ML1 gene.Infectious diseases of poverty · 2016Article
- Genetics and genomic medicine in the Philippines.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo identify genetic and environmental risk factors for otitis media in an indigenous Filipino population. STUDY
designCross-sectional study.
settingIndigenous Filipino community. SUBJECTS AND
methodsClinical history and information on breastfeeding, tobacco smoke exposure, and swimming were obtained from community members. Heads of households were interviewed for family history and personal beliefs on ear health. Height and weight were measured. Otoscopic findings were described for the presence and character of perforation or discharge. An A2ML1 duplication variant that confers otitis media susceptibility was Sanger sequenced in all DNA samples. Co-occurrence of middle ear bacteria detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing was determined according to A2ML1 genotype and social cluster.
resultsThe indigenous Filipino population has a ~50% prevalence of otitis media. Young age was associated with otitis media (4 age strata; P = .004); however, age was nonsignificant as a bistratal or continuous variable. There was no association between otitis media and sex, body mass index, breastfeeding, tobacco exposure, or deep swimming. In multivariate analyses, A2ML1 genotype is the strongest predictor of otitis media, with an odds ratio of 3.7 (95% confidence interval: 1.3-10.8; P = .005). When otitis media diagnoses were plotted across ages, otitis media was observed within the first year of life, and chronic otitis media persisted up to adulthood, particularly in A2ML1-variant carriers.
conclusionAmong indigenous Filipinos, A2ML1 genotype is the primary risk factor for otitis media and main determinant of disease progression, although age, the middle ear microbiome, and social clusters might modulate the effect of the A2ML1 genotype.
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