ArticleBMC research notes2016
A cross-sectional, facility based study of comorbid non-communicable diseases among adults living with HIV infection in Zimbabwe.
Article in BMC research notes, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reporting and handling of missing data in published studies of co-morbid hypertension and diabetes among people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Pooled it
- Prevalence and influences of diabetes and prediabetes among adults living with HIV in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Pooled it
- Patho-immune Mechanisms of Hypertension in HIV: a Systematic and Thematic Review.Current hypertension reports · 2019Pooled it
- Models of integration of HIV and noncommunicable disease care in sub-Saharan Africa: lessons learned and evidence gaps.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Integrating HIV and substance use services: a systematic review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2017Pooled it
- Adverse Events Among People Living With HIV Receiving Dolutegravir-Based Regimens: Findings From a 6-Month Active Pharmacovigilance Study in Uganda.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Non-Communicable Diseases in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Their Risk Factors.Infection & chemotherapy · 2025Article
- Non-communicable diseases and resistant tuberculosis, a growing burden among people living with HIV in Eastern Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Diabetes mellitus and associated factors among HIV-positive patients at primary health care facilities in Harare, Zimbabwe: a descriptive cross-sectional study.BMC primary care · 2024Article
- Convergence of HIV and non-communicable disease epidemics: geospatial mapping of the unmet health needs in an HIV hyperendemic community in South Africa.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- Mapping evidence on barriers to and facilitators of diagnosing noncommunicable diseases among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in low- and middle-income countries in Africa: A scoping review.SAGE open medicine · 2024Article
- Chronic Conditions and Multimorbidity Among Middle-Aged and Elderly Peri-Urban Dwellers in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.International journal of public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Patterns of availability and accuracy of risk factor data for cardiovascular diseases among people initiated on antiretroviral therapy at selected health facilities in Khomas region, Namibia: a retrospective, cross-sectional, quantitative study.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Risks of Type 2 diabetes among older people living with HIV: A scoping review.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2023Article
- Association of alcohol use and multimorbidity among adults aged 40 years and above in rural South Africa.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Comparison of CG, CKD-EPI[AS] and CKD-EPI[ASR] equations to estimate glomerular filtration rate and predict mortality in treatment naïve people living with HIV in Zimbabwe.BMC nephrology · 2023Article
- Convergence of HIV and non-communicable disease epidemics: Geospatial mapping of the unmet health needs in a HIV Hyperendemic South African community.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Epidemiology of multimorbidity in low-income countries of sub-Saharan Africa: Findings from four population cohorts.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and associated risk factors among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in Southern Ethiopia.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2023Article
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIncreased antiretroviral therapy uptake in sub-Saharan Africa has resulted in improved survival of the infected. Opportunistic infections are declining as leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Though comprehensive data are lacking, concern has been raised about the rapid emergence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the African HIV care setting. We therefore set out to characterise the NCD/HIV burden among adults living and ageing with HIV infection in Zimbabwe.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among patients receiving care in a public sector facility. We reviewed patient records and determined the prevalence of comorbid and multi-morbid NCDs. Associations with patient characteristics were evaluated using univariate and multi-variate logistic regression modelling. Significance testing was done using 2-sided p values and 95 % confidence intervals calculated.
resultsWe recruited 1033 participants. 31 % were men. Significant gender differences included: older median age, more advanced disease at baseline, and greater use of stavudine and protease inhibitor containing regimens in men compared to women. The prevalence of comorbidity and multi-morbidity were, respectively, 15.3 % (95 % CI 13.3-17.7 %) and 4.5 % (95 % CI 3.4-6.0 %). Women had higher rates than men of both co-morbidity and multi-morbid ity: 21.8 vs. 14.9 %; p = 0.010 and 5.3 vs. 2.9 %; p = 0.025 respectively. The commonly observed individual NCDs were hypertension [10.2 %; (95 % CI 8.4-12.2 %)], asthma [4.3 % (95 % CI 3.1-5.8 %)], type 2 diabetes mellitus [2.1 % (95 % CI 1.3-3.2 %)], cancer [1.8 % (95 % CI 1.1-2.8 %)], and congestive cardiac failure [1.5 % (95 % CI 0.9-2.5 %)]. After adjusting for confounding, only age categories 45-≤55 years (AOR 2.25; 95 % CI 1.37-3.69) and >55 years (AOR 5.42; 95 % CI 3.17-9.26), and female gender (AOR 2.12; 95 % CI 1.45-3.11) remained significantly and strongly associated with comorbidity risk.
conclusionsWe found a substantial burden of comorbid non-communicable diseases among HIV infected patients in a high HIV and low-income setting. Integrating non-communicable diseases care, including active screening, with HIV care is recommended.
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