ArticlePloS one2016
Anti-HIV Antibody Responses and the HIV Reservoir Size during Antiretroviral Therapy.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03198325 (Monitored Antiretroviral Pause in Chronic HIV-Infected Subjects With Long-Lasting Suppressed Viremia), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Monitored Antiretroviral Pause in Chronic HIV-Infected Subjects With Long-Lasting Suppressed Viremia (APACHE Study)
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy on HIV-1 Serological Responses and Their Implications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Quantitative Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Antibodies Correlate With Plasma HIV-1 RNA and Cell-associated DNA Levels in Children on Antiretroviral Therapy.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Intragenic transcription from defective HIV proviruses triggers interferon responses in myeloid cells.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Intragenic Transcription from Defective HIV Proviruses Triggers Interferon Responses in Myeloid Cells.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Characterization of HIV humoral immunity during analytical treatment interruption.Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology · 2026Article
- Deep Thought on the HIV Cured Cases: Where Have We Been and What Lies Ahead?Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Immune targeting of HIV-1 reservoir cells: a path to elimination strategies and cure.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Deep Phenotypic Analysis of Blood and Lymphoid T and NK Cells From HIV+ Controllers and ART-Suppressed Individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Modified vaccinia Ankara expressing EEHV1A glycoprotein B elicits humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in mice.PloS one · 2022Article
- Primary Infection May Be an Underlying Factor Contributing to Lethal Hemorrhagic Disease Caused by Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus 3 in African Elephants (Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Anti-HIV antibodies are representative of the latent reservoir but do not correlate with viral control in people with long-lasting virological suppression undergoing analytical treatment interruption (APACHE study).The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2021Article
- Are HIV-1-Specific Antibody Levels Potentially Useful Laboratory Markers to Estimate HIV Reservoir Size? A Review.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- HIV antibodies level as a marker of HIV persistence: the role of hepatitis C virus coinfection.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2020Article
- Lethal Hemorrhagic Disease and Clinical Illness Associated with Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus 1 Are Caused by Primary Infection: Implications for the Detection of Diagnostic Proteins.Journal of virology · 2020Article
- Antiretroviral Treatment of Acute HIV Infection Normalizes Levels of Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers of Central Nervous System (CNS) Inflammation: A Consequence of a Reduced CNS Reservoir?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Analytical antiretroviral therapy interruption does not irreversibly change preinterruption levels of cellular HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2018Article
- Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies in the Cerebrospinal Fluid: Evidence of Early Treatment Impact on Central Nervous System Reservoir?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2018Article
- Targeting Immune Checkpoint Molecules to Eliminate Latent HIV.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- T-cell responses targeting HIV Nef uniquely correlate with infected cell frequencies after long-term antiretroviral therapy.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA major challenge to HIV eradication strategies is the lack of an accurate measurement of the total burden of replication-competent HIV (the "reservoir"). We assessed the association of anti-HIV antibody responses and the estimated size of the reservoir during antiretroviral therapy (ART).
methodsWe evaluated anti-HIV antibody profiles using luciferase immunoprecipitation systems (LIPS) assay in relation to several blood-based HIV reservoir measures: total and 2-LTR DNA (rtPCR or droplet digital PCR); integrated DNA (Alu PCR); unspliced RNA (rtPCR), multiply-spliced RNA (TILDA), residual plasma HIV RNA (single copy PCR), and replication-competent virus (outgrowth assay). We also assessed total HIV DNA and RNA in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (rtPCR). Spearman correlations and linear regressions were performed using log-transformed blood- or tissue-based reservoir measurements as predictors and log-transformed antibody levels as outcome variables.
resultsAmong 51 chronically HIV-infected ART-suppressed participants (median age = 57, nadir CD4+ count = 196 cells/mm3, ART duration = 9 years), the most statistically significant associations were between antibody responses to integrase and HIV RNA in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (1.17 fold-increase per two-fold RNA increase, P = 0.004) and between antibody responses to matrix and integrated HIV DNA in resting CD4+ T cells (0.35 fold-decrease per two-fold DNA increase, P = 0.003). However, these associations were not statistically significant after a stringent Bonferroni-adjustment of P<0.00045. Multivariate models including age and duration of ART did not markedly alter results.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that anti-HIV antibody responses may reflect the size of the HIV reservoir during chronic treated HIV disease, possibly via antigen recognition in reservoir sites. Larger, prospective studies are needed to validate the utility of antibody levels as a measure of the total body burden of HIV during treatment.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.