ArticleeLife2016
Lineage tracing of human B cells reveals the in vivo landscape of human antibody class switching.
Article in eLife, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT03022396 (Protective Mechanisms Against a Pandemic Respiratory Virus), which is not on this map. Cited by 106 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Protective Mechanisms Against a Pandemic Respiratory Virus: B- Cell, T-cell, and General Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccine. Year 2, 2010
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 163 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of Oral β-Glucan on Antibody Response to Ganglioside Vaccine in Patients With High-Risk Neuroblastoma: A Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA oncology · 2023Trial
- Dynamics of the human antibody repertoire after B cell depletion in systemic sclerosis.Science immunology · 2017Trial
- The cascade to pathogenicity in autoantibody-mediated CNS diseases.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Review
- Serum IgA proteomics reveals clonal composition and neutralization of dimeric and monomeric IgA repertoires against human norovirus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Human primary antibody response to vaccination follows a partially sequential class-switching program with a checkpoint at IGHG2.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Lineage-aware stochastic modeling reveals gene-expression dynamics in development and disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- An intramuscular prime-intranasal boost strategy for mRNA-LNP vaccine induces mucosal immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in murine model.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Transcriptome-Proteome Analysis of Human Naive and Memory B Cell Subsets Reveals Isotype and Subclass-Specific Phenotypes.European journal of immunology · 2026Article
- The vaccine platform used for COVID-19 primary immunization shapes the quality of the human B cell response to a vaccine boost.Science translational medicine · 2026Article
- The role of mucosal immune dysregulation in the pathogenesis of immunoglobulin A nephropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Importance of B cells (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Review
- Application of single-cell and spatial omics in deciphering cellular hallmarks of cancer drug response and resistance.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- B cells in non-lymphoid tissues.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2025Review
- Exact and efficient phylodynamic simulation from arbitrarily large populations.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Long-term B cell memory emerges at uniform relative rates in the human immune response.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Factors determining the outcomes of immune imprinting after repeated orthoflavivirus infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist stimulation rapidly skews the antibody repertoire of B cells in non-human primates.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Influenza-specific antibody-mediated and complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity-inducing antibodies in vaccinated and infected pigs.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Antibody class switching is a feature of the adaptive immune system which enables diversification of the effector properties of antibodies. Even though class switching is essential for mounting a protective response to pathogens, the in vivo patterns and lineage characteristics of antibody class switching have remained uncharacterized in living humans. Here we comprehensively measured the landscape of antibody class switching in human adult twins using antibody repertoire sequencing. The map identifies how antibodies of every class are created and delineates a two-tiered hierarchy of class switch pathways. Using somatic hypermutations as a molecular clock, we discovered that closely related B cells often switch to the same class, but lose coherence as somatic mutations accumulate. Such correlations between closely related cells exist when purified B cells class switch in vitro, suggesting that class switch recombination is directed toward specific isotypes by a cell-autonomous imprinted state.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.