ArticleThe Permanente journal2016
Diagnostic Prevalence of Ankylosing Spondylitis Using Computerized Health Care Data, 1996 to 2009: Underrecognition in a US Health Care Setting.
Article in The Permanente journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Race as a determinant of clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of axial spondyloarthritis in the United States.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Serious Infections in Offspring Exposed to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors During Pregnancy: Comparison of Timing During Pregnancy and Placental Transfer Ability.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Global epidemiology of spondyloarthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2025Review
- Early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis among patients with chronic back pain using a clinical screening tool and referral strategy.Rheumatology advances in practice · 2025Article
- Opioid use surrounding diagnosis and follow-up in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis: Results from US claims databases.Clinical rheumatology · 2024Article
- Risk of motor vehicle accidents with profound injuries in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a nationwide, population-based cohort study.Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease · 2024Article
- A mixed methods study to uncover impediments to accurate diagnosis of nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis in the USA.Clinical rheumatology · 2023Article
- Developing International Classification of Disease code definitions for the study of enteric infection sequelae in Canada.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- Axial Spondyloarthritis and Diagnostic Challenges: Over-diagnosis, Misdiagnosis, and Under-diagnosis.Current rheumatology reports · 2023Review
- Rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis epidemiology in England from 2004 to 2020: An observational study using primary care electronic health record data.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2022Article
- Sexual dimorphism in the prevalence, manifestation and outcomes of axial spondyloarthritis.Nature reviews. Rheumatology · 2022Review
- The Journey to Diagnose Spondyloarthritis in Patients From Riyadh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2022Article
- Patient perspectives on health care provider practices leading to an axial spondyloarthritis diagnosis: an exploratory qualitative research study.BMC family practice · 2021Article
- Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis of Axial Spondyloarthritis.Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases · 2021Review
- The Annual Diagnostic Prevalence of Ankylosing Spondylitis and Axial Spondyloarthritis in the United States Using Medicare and MarketScan Databases.ACR open rheumatology · 2021Article
- Understanding Barriers in the Pathway to Diagnosis of Ankylosing Spondylitis: Results From a US Survey of 1690 Physicians From 10 Specialties.ACR open rheumatology · 2020Article
- Is Axial Spondyloarthritis More Common Than Rheumatoid Arthritis?Current rheumatology reports · 2020Review
- Incorporating natural language processing to improve classification of axial spondyloarthritis using electronic health records.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2020Article
- Risk of Inflammatory Arthritis After a New Diagnosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa.JAMA dermatology · 2020Article
- Application of machine learning in the diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionFew studies have assessed the prevalence and features of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and ankylosing spondylitis in diverse, population-based, community settings.
objectivesWe used computerized diagnoses to estimate the prevalence of axSpA and ankylosing spondylitis in Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC).
methodsWe identified persons aged 18 years or older with 1 or more International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnosis Code 720.X (ankylosing spondylitis and other inflammatory spondylopathies) in clinical encounter data from 1996 through 2009 to estimate the prevalence of axSpA and ankylosing spondylitis. We reviewed medical records to confirm the diagnosis in a random sample and estimated the positive predictive value of computerized data to identify confirmed cases using various case definitions.
resultsIn the computerized data, 5568 adults had diagnostic codes indicating axSpA. On the basis of our case-finding approach using a single physician diagnosis code for ICD-9 720.X, the point prevalence of these conditions, standardized to the 2000 US Census, was 2.26 per 1000 persons for axSpA and 1.07 per 1000 for ankylosing spondylitis. Less than half of suspected cases saw a rheumatologist. The most specific algorithm for confirmed ankylosing spondylitis required 2 or more computerized diagnoses assigned by a rheumatologist, with 67% sensitivity (95% confidence interval, 64%-69%) and 81% positive predictive value (95% confidence interval, 79%-83%).
conclusionsObserved prevalence in the KPNC population, compared with national estimates for axSpA and ankylosing spondylitis, suggests there is substantial underrecognition of these conditions in routine clinical practice. However, use of computerized data is able to identify true cases of ankylosing spondylitis, facilitating population-based research.
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