Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27479363›Full record

ArticleCurrent protocols in toxicology2016

Methods for the Detection of Autophagy in Mammalian Cells.

Ziyan Zhang, Rajat Singh, Michael Aschner

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Current protocols in toxicology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed, 123 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. The CHI3L1 protein plays role as a protecting factor against autophagy in glioblastoma cells.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. New uses of halofuginone to treat cancer.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Vacuolar HJournal of cellular physiology · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ziyan ZhangDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Rajat SinghDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Michael AschnerDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
Albert Einstein College of Medicine · US

Funding

Role of Autophagy in T Cell Function and Immunosenescence (Project 3)P01AG031782 · NIA · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI MACIAN, FERNANDO · 2009 to 2024
$36.2M
Translational Research CoreP30DK020541 · NIDDK · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI STREAMSON C CHUA · 2015 to 2026
$27.7M
Mechanisms of Manganese NeurotoxicityR01ES010563 · NIEHS · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Michael Aschner, Aaron B Bowman · 2001 to 2026
$11.9M
Mechanisms of Methylmercury Induced Neuron ToxicityR01ES007331 · NIEHS · WAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI Michael Aschner, Aaron B Bowman · 1996 to 2026
$10.6M
Hyptothalamic autophagy and metabolic regulation in agingRF1AG043517 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI SINGH, RAJAT · 2019 to 2019
$2.1M
Genetic Modulation of MeHg-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Developing BrainR01ES020852 · NIEHS · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY · PI ASCHNER, MICHAEL · 2012 to 2016
$1.8M
Genetic Susceptibility to Manganese NeurotoxicityR21ES025415 · NIEHS · ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, INC · PI ASCHNER, MICHAEL · 2016 to 2017
$459k
NIA NIH HHS P01 AG031782NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG043517NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK020541NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES007331NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES010563NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES020852NIEHS NIH HHS R21 ES025415
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is a degradation pathway that delivers cytoplasmic materials to lysosomes via double-membraned vesicles designated autophagosomes. Cytoplasmic constituents are sequestered into autophagosomes, which subsequently fuse with lysosomes, where the cargo is degraded. Autophagy is a crucial mechanism involved in many aspects of cell function, including cellular metabolism and energy balance; alterations in autophagy have been linked to various human pathological processes. Thus, methods that accurately measure autophagic activity are necessary. In this unit, we introduce several approaches to analyze autophagy in mammalian cells, including immunoblotting analysis of LC3 and p62, detection of autophagosome formation by fluorescence microscopy, and monitoring autophagosome maturation by tandem mRFP-GFP fluorescence microscopy. Overall, we recommend a combined use of multiple methods to accurately assess the autophagic activity in any given biological setting. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Indexed as

AutophagyAnimalsAutophagosomesBiomarkersCell LineCells, CulturedGreen Fluorescent ProteinsHumansImmunoblottingLipoylationLuminescent ProteinsMammalsMicroscopy, FluorescenceMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsPhosphatidylethanolaminesProtein Processing, Post-TranslationalBiomarkersGreen Fluorescent ProteinsLuminescent ProteinsMAP1LC3A protein, humanMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsPhosphatidylethanolaminesRecombinant Fusion ProteinsRed Fluorescent ProteinSequestosome-1 Proteinautophagic fluxautophagyfluorescence microscopyimmunoblottingLC3p62

Identifiers

PMID27479363
PMCPMC4982470
OpenAlexW2498541671

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.