Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27478992›Full record

ArticleACS synthetic biology2017

In Vitro Reconstruction of Nonribosomal Peptide Biosynthesis Directly from DNA Using Cell-Free Protein Synthesis.

Anthony W Goering, Jian Li, Ryan A McClure, Regan J Thomson, Michael C Jewett, Neil L Kelleher

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in ACS synthetic biology, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
50citing papers in PubMed
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

50 citing papers in PubMed, 103 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. BeyondChemical reviews · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Cell-free Biosynthesis of Peptidomimetics.Biotechnology and bioprocess engineering : BBE · 2023
    Review
  15. Cell-Free Display Techniques for Protein Evolution.Advances in biochemical engineering/biotechnology · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anthony W GoeringDepartment of Molecular Biosciences, and the Feinberg School of Medicine, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Jian LiDepartment of Molecular Biosciences, and the Feinberg School of Medicine, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Ryan A McClureDepartment of Molecular Biosciences, and the Feinberg School of Medicine, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Regan J ThomsonDepartment of Molecular Biosciences, and the Feinberg School of Medicine, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Michael C JewettDepartment of Molecular Biosciences, and the Feinberg School of Medicine, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Neil L KelleherDepartment of Molecular Biosciences, and the Feinberg School of Medicine, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
Northwestern University · US

Funding

Tumor Environment and Metastasis (TEAM) Research ProgramP30CA060553 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Daniela E Matei · 1993 to 2026
$153.9M
Mass Spectrometric Studies of Thiotemplate BiosynthesisR01AT009143 · NCCIH · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI NEIL L KELLEHER, NANCY P KELLER · 2016 to 2026
$4.2M
Chemistry of Life Processes Predoctoral Training ProgramT32GM105538 · NIGMS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI KELLEHER, NEIL L · 2013 to 2022
$2.7M
NCCIH NIH HHS R01 AT009143NCI NIH HHS P30 CA060553NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM105538
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome sequencing has revealed that a far greater number of natural product biosynthetic pathways exist than there are known natural products. To access these molecules directly and deterministically, a new generation of heterologous expression methods is needed. Cell-free protein synthesis has not previously been used to study nonribosomal peptide biosynthesis, and provides a tunable platform with advantages over conventional methods for protein expression. Here, we demonstrate the use of cell-free protein synthesis to biosynthesize a cyclic dipeptide with correct absolute stereochemistry. From a single-pot reaction, we measured the expression of two nonribosomal peptide synthetases larger than 100 kDa, and detected high-level production of a diketopiperazine. Using quantitative LC-MS and synthetically prepared standard, we observed production of this metabolite at levels higher than previously reported from cell-based recombinant expression, approximately 12 mg/L. Overall, this work represents a first step to apply cell-free protein synthesis to discover and characterize new natural products.

Indexed as

Biosynthetic PathwaysCell-Free SystemChromatography, LiquidDipeptidesDNAEscherichia coliGramicidinIn Vitro TechniquesMass SpectrometryPeptide Biosynthesis, Nucleic Acid-IndependentPeptides, CyclicPeptide SynthasesPiperazinesSynthetic BiologyDipeptidesDNAGramicidinnon-ribosomal peptide synthasePeptides, CyclicPeptide Synthasesphenylalanyl-prolyl diketopiperazinePiperazinesbiosynthesiscell-free protein synthesiscyclic dipeptidediketopiperazinenatural productssynthetic biology

Identifiers

PMID27478992
PMCPMC5250536
OpenAlexW2477942967

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.