ArticleMediators of inflammation2016
Inhibition of TLR4 Signalling-Induced Inflammation Attenuates Secondary Injury after Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats.
Article in Mediators of inflammation, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhibition of IL-17 Alleviates Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Following Diffuse Axonal Injury Accompanied by Hyperglycemia Through the NF-κB Pathway.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Article
- Article
- PTEN and AKT/GSK-3β/CRMP-2 signaling pathway are involved in neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury in early brain injury after SAH in rats.Genes & diseases · 2022Article
- Agmatine Alleviates Epileptic Seizures and Hippocampal Neuronal Damage by Inhibiting Gasdermin D-Mediated Pyroptosis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- MCC950 Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome and Alleviates Axonal Injures in Early Stages of Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats.Neurochemical research · 2020Article
- TAK‑242 exerts a neuroprotective effect via suppression of the TLR4/MyD88/TRIF/NF‑κB signaling pathway in a neonatal hypoxic‑ischemic encephalopathy rat model.Molecular medicine reports · 2020Article
- Inhibiting endogenous tissue plasminogen activator enhanced neuronal apoptosis and axonal injury after traumatic brain injury.Neural regeneration research · 2020Article
- Inhibition of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Protects against Inflammation through a Toll-like Receptor-Related Pathway after Diffuse Axonal Injury in Rats.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- Inhibition of TLR4 Induces M2 Microglial Polarization and Provides Neuroprotection via the NLRP3 Inflammasome in Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Olanzapine-Induced Activation of Hypothalamic Astrocytes and Toll-Like Receptor-4 Signaling via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Were Related to Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- The Janus Face of Tumor Microenvironment Targeted by Immunotherapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- TAK242 suppresses the TLR4 signaling pathway and ameliorates DCD liver IRI in rats.Molecular medicine reports · 2019Article
- Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Obesity-Induced Hypothalamic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance: Pivotal Role of Resistin/TLR4 Pathways.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2019Review
- Establishment of a novel rat model of blast-related diffuse axonal injury.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Curcumin mitigates axonal injury and neuronal cell apoptosis through the PERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway following diffuse axonal injury.Neuroreport · 2018Article
- Inhibition of TLR4 alleviates the inflammation and apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells in high glucose.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2017Article
- Vitamin D attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury through downregulation of Toll-like receptor 4.International journal of molecular medicine · 2017Article
- Mu-opioid receptor and delta-opioid receptor differentially regulate microglial inflammatory response to control proopiomelanocortin neuronal apoptosis in the hypothalamus: effects of neonatal alcohol.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2017Article
- Regulation on Toll-like Receptor 4 and Cell Barrier Function by Rab26 siRNA-loaded DNA Nanovector in Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells.Theranostics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that secondary injury after diffuse axonal injury (DAI) damages more axons than the initial insult, but the underlying mechanisms of this phenomenon are not fully understood. Recent studies show that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a critical role in promoting adaptive immune responses and have been shown to be associated with brain damage. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the TLR4 signalling pathway in secondary axonal injury in the cortices of DAI rats. TLR4 was mainly localized in microglial cells and neurons, and the levels of TLR4 downstream signalling molecules, including TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88, toll/IR-1-(TIR-) domain-containing adaptor protein inducing interferon-beta, interferon regulatory factor 3, interferon β, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65, and phospho-NF-κB p65, significantly increased and peaked at 1 d after DAI. Inhibition of TLR4 by TAK-242 attenuated apoptosis, neuronal and axonal injury, and glial responses. The neuroprotective effects of TLR4 inhibition were associated with decreases in the levels of TLR4 downstream signalling molecules and inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumour necrosis factor-α. These results suggest that the TLR4 signalling pathway plays an important role in secondary injury and may be an important therapeutic target following DAI.
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