ArticleInfection control and hospital epidemiology2016
Assessment of Self-Contamination During Removal of Personal Protective Equipment for Ebola Patient Care.
Article in Infection control and hospital epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Personal protective equipment for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare staff.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Personal protective equipment for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare staff.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Personal protective equipment for preventing highly infectious diseases due to exposure to contaminated body fluids in healthcare staff.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Impact of Face-to-Face Teaching in Addition to Electronic Learning on Personal Protective Equipment Doffing Proficiency in Student Paramedics: Randomized Controlled Trial.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Infection prevention and control measures for Ebola and Marburg disease: a series of rapid reviews.BMJ open · 2026Review
- The Impact of Disinfecting Non-Sterile Disposable Gloves on the Level of Microbiological Contamination in Clinical Practice.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Self-contamination risk and failure modes during high-level PPE doffing: A pilot comparison of 2 powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) hoods.American journal of infection control · 2025Article
- Is there sufficient evidence to inform personal protective equipment choices for healthcare workers caring for patients with viral hemorrhagic fevers?Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2025Article
- SHEA/IDSA/APIC Practice Recommendation: Strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections through hand hygiene: 2022 Update.Infection control and hospital epidemiology · 2023Article
- Effectiveness of inspectors' team in increasing compliance with personal protective equipment use and reducing COVID19 infection spread among healthcare workers.Infection prevention in practice · 2021Article
- Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Intensive Care Unit Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia · 2020Review
- Dental services during the COVID-19 pandemic: A tertiary care hospital experience.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry · 2020Review
- Persistence of Bacteriophage Phi 6 on Porous and Nonporous Surfaces and the Potential for Its Use as an Ebola Virus or Coronavirus Surrogate.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2020Article
- Role of respirators in controlling the spread of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) amongst dental healthcare providers: a review.International endodontic journal · 2020Review
- Design Strategies for Biocontainment Units to Reduce Risk During Doffing of High-level Personal Protective Equipment.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Effect of Glove Decontamination on Bacterial Contamination of Healthcare Personnel Hands.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Healthcare Workers' Strategies for Doffing Personal Protective Equipment.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Development and Comparison of Complementary Methods to Study Potential Skin and Inhalational Exposure to Pathogens During Personal Protective Equipment Doffing.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Article
- Frequency of Instrument, Environment, and Laboratory Technologist Contamination during Routine Diagnostic Testing of Infectious Specimens.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2018Article
- 'VIOLET': a fluorescence-based simulation exercise for training healthcare workers in the use of personal protective equipment.The Journal of hospital infection · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ebola virus disease (EVD) places healthcare personnel (HCP) at high risk for infection during patient care, and personal protective equipment (PPE) is critical. Protocols for EVD PPE doffing have not been validated for prevention of viral self-contamination. Using surrogate viruses (non-enveloped MS2 and enveloped Φ6), we assessed self-contamination of skin and clothes when trained HCP doffed EVD PPE using a standardized protocol. METHODS A total of 15 HCP donned EVD PPE for this study. Virus was applied to PPE, and a trained monitor guided them through the doffing protocol. Of the 15 participants, 10 used alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) for glove and hand hygiene and 5 used hypochlorite for glove hygiene and ABHR for hand hygiene. Inner gloves, hands, face, and scrubs were sampled after doffing. RESULTS After doffing, MS2 virus was detected on the inner glove worn on the dominant hand for 8 of 15 participants, on the non-dominant inner glove for 6 of 15 participants, and on scrubs for 2 of 15 participants. All MS2 on inner gloves was observed when ABHR was used for glove hygiene; none was observed when hypochlorite was used. When using hypochlorite for glove hygiene, 1 participant had MS2 on hands, and 1 had MS2 on scrubs. CONCLUSIONS A structured doffing protocol using a trained monitor and ABHR protects against enveloped virus self-contamination. Non-enveloped virus (MS2) contamination was detected on inner gloves, possibly due to higher resistance to ABHR. Doffing protocols protective against all viruses need to incorporate highly effective glove and hand hygiene agents. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2016;1-6.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.