ReviewToxicology2016
A decade of e-cigarettes: Limited research & unresolved safety concerns.
Review in Toxicology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Effect of Vaping on Treatment Outcomes in Patients With Gingivitis, Periodontitis, and/or Peri-Implant Disease: A Systematic Review.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2026Pooled it
- Electronic cigarettes and cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE).BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- The impact of e-cigarette taxation: a systematic review and meta-analysis on usage, pricing strategies, and public health implications.BMC medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of electronic cigarette use and sleep duration, sleep issues and insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Association of electronic cigarette use and suicidal behaviors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review for the impacts of global approaches to regulating electronic nicotine products.Journal of global health · 2023Pooled it
- A Systematic Literature Review of E-Cigarette-Related Illness and Injury: Not Just for the Respirologist.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- How do we determine the impact of e-cigarettes on cigarette smoking cessation or reduction? Review and recommendations for answering the research question with scientific rigor.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2018Pooled it
- Latent profile analysis reveals diverse perceptions of tobacco product risks among youth.Addictive behaviors · 2026Article
- Early life nicotine vapor exposure increases nicotine vapor seeking in adult male rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Breathe Easy Gippsland-Community Attitudes Towards Expanding Smoke- and Vape-Free Zones in Gippsland, Victoria, Australia.Health promotion journal of Australia : official journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals · 2026Article
- Perception of e-cigarette as a harmful product delays initiation by two years among Mexican students aged 14-29 years.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Observational
- Exploring the Impact of E-cigarettes on Cardiovascular Health: Insights from Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2025Review
- Nicotine in e-cigarette aerosol reduces GABA neuron migration via the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exposure to Toxic Compounds Using Alternative Smoking Products: Analysis of Empirical Data.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Altered expression profile of plasma exosomal microRNAs in exclusive electronic cigarette adult users.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- E-Cigarettes induce expression of procoagulant tissue factor in cultivated human endothelial cells.Journal of thrombosis and thrombolysis · 2025Article
- Dual Use of Electronic Cigarettes and Cigarettes Elevates Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Mental Health Issues: Insights from a Korean Health Survey.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025Article
- Acute exposure to electronic cigarette components alters mRNA expression of pre-osteoblasts.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
- E-Cigarette-Associated Acute Severe Asthma in a Smoking-Naïve Adolescent: A Case Report.Cureus · 2024Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
It is well known that tobacco consumption is a leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide and has been linked to major diseases ranging from cancer to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, atherosclerosis, stroke and a host of neurological/neurodegenerative disorders. In the past decade a number of alternative vaping products have hit the market, rapidly gaining consumers especially among the younger population. Electronic nicotine delivery systems or e-cigarettes have become the sought-after product due to the belief that they are much safer than traditional cigarettes. However, inadequate research and lack of regulatory guidelines for both the manufacturing process and the content of the vaping solution of the e-cigarette has become a major concern. Highly debated and unresolved questions such as whether e-cigarettes may help smokers quit and whether e-cigarettes will promote the use of nicotine among non-smokers add to the confusion of the safety of e-cigarettes. In this review article, we summarize the current understanding (and lack thereof) of the potential health impacts of e-cigarettes. We will also highlight the most recent studies (in vivo/in vitro) which seem to conflict with the broad safety claims put forward by the manufacturers. Finally, we provide potential solutions to overcome the research gap of the short and long-term health impact of e-cigarettes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.