ArticlePsychiatric services (Washington, D.C.)2017
Trends in Racial-Ethnic Disparities in Access to Mental Health Care, 2004-2012.
Article in Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 280 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
App-Based Mindfulness Meditation for People of Color Who Experience Race-Related Stress: A Randomized Control Trial
By Youth, For Youth: Digital Supported Peer Navigation for Addressing Child Mental Health Care
Who cites it
280 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Inclusion of People of Color in Randomized Controlled Trials for the Unified Protocol: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Pooled it
- Racial Differences in the Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2025Pooled it
- The Acceptability, Engagement, and Feasibility of Mental Health Apps for Marginalized and Underserved Young People: Systematic Review and Qualitative Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- Biomarkers of Nicotine and Tobacco Carcinogen Exposure in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Black Adults Receiving a Brief Smoking Reduction Intervention.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025Trial
- Gender, Race/Ethnicity, and Patient-Therapist Matching on Gender and Race/Ethnicity: Predictors/Moderators of the Effectiveness of Trust/Respect Feedback.Administration and policy in mental health · 2025Trial
- Parental Cognitions, Treatment Engagement, and Child Outcomes of ADHD Behavioral Treatment among Asian American Families.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2024Trial
- Association Between User Interaction and Treatment Response of a Voice-Based Coach for Treating Depression and Anxiety: Secondary Analysis of a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.JMIR human factors · 2023Trial
- Understanding Perinatal Depression Care Gaps by Examining Care Access and Barriers in Perinatal Individuals With and Without Psychiatric History.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2023Trial
- Comparison of Black and White participants with severe mental illness in response to cognitive remediation as an augmentation of vocational rehabilitation.Schizophrenia research · 2023Trial
- Autistic traits and mental health support service use among parents of young children with autism.Research in neurodiversity · 2026Article
- Woebot for Postpartum Mood and Anxiety: Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Efficacy of a Mobile Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2026Article
- Who Is Getting the Help They Need? An AI-Driven Study of Intersectional Disparities in Mental Health Service Utilization Among Young Adults with Suicidal Ideation.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2026Article
- Scaling Out the SafeCare Parenting Program: Comparing Task-Shifted and Standard Implementation in a Refugee Community.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2026Article
- Lay Counselor Delivery of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT): A Systematic Review.Journal of child & adolescent trauma · 2026Article
- A Randomized Clinical Trial of the Acceptability and Preliminary Effectiveness of an Online CBT Platform in Diverse Youth.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Depression Among Black College Women: Mediating Effect of Coping Styles.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Assessing the Burden of Mental Disorder Diagnosis and Racial Disparities in the Military Health System During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Racial and Ethnic Variations in a Multi-Channel Psychiatric Emergency Services Program.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Technology-Enhanced Peer Support for Depression in Older Adults: Single-Arm Mixed Methods Feasibility Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Pilot Testing a Narrative Psychoeducational Video to Reduce Stigma and Improve Mental Health Literacy and Help-Seeking Among Latinx Adults: Examining Gender Differences and Contextual Insights.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
220 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThis study compared trends in racial-ethnic disparities in mental health care access among whites, blacks, Hispanics, and Asians by using the Institute of Medicine definition of disparities as all differences except those due to clinical appropriateness, clinical need, and patient preferences.
methodsRacial-ethnic disparities in mental health care access were examined by using data from a nationally representative sample of 214,597 adults from the 2004-2012 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys. The main outcome measures included three mental health care access measures (use of any mental health care, any outpatient care, and any psychotropic medication in the past year).
resultsSignificant disparities were found in 2004-2005 and in 2011-2012 for all three racial-ethnic minority groups compared with whites in all three measures of access. Between 2004 and 2012, black-white disparities in any mental health care and any psychotropic medication use increased, respectively, from 8.2% to 10.8% and from 7.6% to 10.0%. Similarly, Hispanic-white disparities in any mental health care and any psychotropic medication use increased, respectively, from 8.4% to 10.9% and 7.3% to 10.3%.
conclusionsNo reductions in racial-ethnic disparities in access to mental health care were identified between 2004 and 2012. For blacks and Hispanics, disparities were exacerbated over this period. Clinical interventions that improve identification of symptoms of mental illness, expansion of health insurance, and other policy interventions that remove financial barriers to access may help to reduce these disparities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.