ArticlePsychological medicine2017
Childhood interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and atopic disorders as risk factors for hypomanic symptoms in young adulthood: a longitudinal birth cohort study.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 37 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating inflammatory proteins associated with risks of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder: a mendelian randomization study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Neurotrophins, cytokines, oxidative stress mediators and mood state in bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analyses.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2018Pooled it
- Investigating the prospective associations of childhood sleep problems with persistent depression in emerging adulthood: the mediating role of inflammation.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- A multimodality score strategy for assessing the risk of immune checkpoint inhibitors related cardiotoxicity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Lower serum insulin-like growth factor 2 level in patients with bipolar disorder is associated with the severity of manic symptoms during manic episodes.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Causal role of immune cells in bipolar disorder: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- The role of inflammation in the prospective associations between early childhood sleep problems and ADHD at 10 years: findings from a UK birth cohort study.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2023Article
- Demographic, clinical and biochemical correlates of the length of stay for different polarities in Chinese inpatients with bipolar disorder: A real-world study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Correlations between peripheral levels of inflammatory mediators and frontolimbic structures in bipolar disorder: an exploratory analysis.CNS spectrums · 2022Article
- Alterations in blood proteins in the prodromal stage of bipolar II disorders.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Associations of High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Interleukin-6 with Depression in a Sample of Italian Adolescents During COVID-19 Pandemic.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2022Article
- Adverse childhood experiences, bullying, inflammation and BMI in 10-year-old children: The biological embodiment.PloS one · 2022Article
- Associations of immunological proteins/traits with schizophrenia, major depression and bipolar disorder: A bi-directional two-sample mendelian randomization study.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
- Adverse childhood experiences and early life inflammation in the Avon longitudinal study of parents and children.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2020Article
- A comparison study of metabolic profiles, immunity, and brain gray matter volumes between patients with bipolar disorder and depressive disorder.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2020Article
- The Relationship Between Neuroimmunity and Bipolar Disorder: Mechanism and Translational Application.Neuroscience bulletin · 2019Review
- Childhood inflammatory markers and intelligence as predictors of subsequent persistent depressive symptoms: a longitudinal cohort study.Psychological medicine · 2018Article
- Prevalence and correlates of low-grade systemic inflammation in adult psychiatric inpatients: An electronic health record-based study.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are no existing longitudinal studies of inflammatory markers and atopic disorders in childhood and risk of hypomanic symptoms in adulthood. This study examined if childhood: (1) serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP); and (2) asthma and/or eczema are associated with features of hypomania in young adulthood.
methodParticipants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a prospective general population UK birth cohort, had non-fasting blood samples for IL-6 and CRP measurement at the age of 9 years (n = 4645), and parents answered a question about doctor-diagnosed atopic illness before the age of 10 years (n = 7809). These participants completed the Hypomania Checklist at age 22 years (n = 3361).
resultsAfter adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, socio-economic status, past psychological and behavioural problems, body mass index and maternal postnatal depression, participants in the top third of IL-6 values at 9 years, compared with the bottom third, had an increased risk of hypomanic symptoms by age 22 years [adjusted odds ratio 1.77, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-2.85, p < 0.001]. Higher IL-6 levels in childhood were associated with adult hypomania features in a dose-response fashion. After further adjustment for depression at the age of 18 years this association remained (adjusted odds ratio 1.70, 95% CI 1.03-2.81, p = 0.038). There was no evidence of an association of hypomanic symptoms with CRP levels, asthma or eczema in childhood.
conclusionsHigher levels of systemic inflammatory marker IL-6 in childhood were associated with hypomanic symptoms in young adulthood, suggesting that inflammation may play a role in the pathophysiology of mania. Inflammatory pathways may be suitable targets for the prevention and intervention for bipolar disorder.
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