ArticleBiomaterials2016
Dual stimulation of antigen presenting cells using carbon nanotube-based vaccine delivery system for cancer immunotherapy.
Article in Biomaterials, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 133 citations in OpenAlex.
- Opportunities and challenges for cancer immunotherapy based on antigen cross-presentation.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Nanomaterial-mediated functional remodeling of antigen-presenting cells: A novel strategy to break tumor immune escape.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Nanoparticle Engineering in Modern Vaccinology: From Delivery Platforms to Immune-Programming Architectures.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Antigenic peptide delivery to antigen-presenting cells using a CD40-coiled coil affinity-based platform.Drug delivery · 2025Article
- Review
- Principles and Therapeutics ofJournal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences · 2024Review
- Nanoparticles in tumor microenvironment remodeling and cancer immunotherapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Inorganic Nanoparticle Functionalization Strategies in Immunotherapeutic Applications.Biomaterials research · 2024Review
- Nanovaccine-based strategies for lymph node targeted delivery and imaging in tumor immunotherapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Anti-tumor antibody isotype response can be modified with locally administered immunoadjuvants.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Article
- Nanocarriers for cancer nano-immunotherapy.Drug delivery and translational research · 2023Review
- Review
- Carbon Nanomaterials: Emerging Roles in Immuno-Oncology.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Enhancing Skin Cancer Immunotheranostics and Precision Medicine through Functionalized Nanomodulators and Nanosensors: Recent Development and Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Nanomaterials and Their Impact on the Immune System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Advancements in nanoparticle-based treatment approaches for skin cancer therapy.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Sea Cucumber Derived Triterpenoid Glycoside Frondoside A: A Potential Anti-Bladder Cancer Drug.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Effects of Carbon Nanomaterials andPharmaceutics · 2022Review
- The Landscape of Nanovectors for Modulation in Cancer Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Nanoparticles in Clinical Translation for Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although anti-cancer immuno-based combinatorial therapeutic approaches have shown promising results, efficient tumour eradication demands further intensification of anti-tumour immune response. With the emerging field of nanovaccinology, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) have manifested prominent potentials as tumour antigen nanocarriers. Nevertheless, the utilization of MWNTs in co-delivering antigen along with different types of immunoadjuvants to antigen presenting cells (APCs) has not been investigated yet. We hypothesized that harnessing MWNT for concurrent delivery of cytosine-phosphate-guanine oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG) and anti-CD40 Ig (αCD40), as immunoadjuvants, along with the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) could potentiate immune response induced against OVA-expressing tumour cells. We initially investigated the effective method to co-deliver OVA and CpG using MWNT to the APC. Covalent conjugation of OVA and CpG prior to loading onto MWNTs markedly augmented the CpG-mediated adjuvanticity, as demonstrated by the significantly increased OVA-specific T cell responses in vitro and in C57BL/6 mice. αCD40 was then included as a second immunoadjuvant to further intensify the immune response. Immune response elicited in vitro and in vivo by OVA, CpG and αCD40 was significantly potentiated by their co-incorporation onto the MWNTs. Furthermore, MWNT remarkably improved the ability of co-loaded OVA, CpG and αCD40 in inhibiting the growth of OVA-expressing B16F10 melanoma cells in subcutaneous or lung pseudo-metastatic tumour models. Therefore, this study suggests that the utilization of MWNTs for the co-delivery of tumour-derived antigen, CpG and αCD40 could be a competent approach for efficient tumours eradication.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.