Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27474134›Full record

ReviewPerspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science2016

A Stage Model of Stress and Disease.

Sheldon Cohen, Peter J Gianaros, Stephen B Manuck

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04339790 (Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on NIMH Research Participants and Volunteers), which is not on this map. Cited by 217 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
217citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04339790 completednot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Mental Health Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on NIMH Research Participants and Volunteers

TypeobservationalSponsorNational Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)Ran2020 to 2021Enrolled3,655ConditionsHealthy Volunteer, Mood Disorder, Anxiety Disorder, Preexisting Medical Condition
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

217 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  20. The Metabolomic Signature of Stressful Life Events.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article

157 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Sheldon CohenCarnegie Melon University scohen@cmu.edu.
Peter J GianarosUniversity of Pittsburgh.
Stephen B ManuckUniversity of Pittsburgh.

Funding

Neurobiological pathways linking stress and emotion to atherosclerosisR01HL089850 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI GIANAROS, PETER J · 2008 to 2016
$4.7M
Social Ties and Health: Aggregating Data from Five Viral-Challenge TrialsR01AT006694 · NCCIH · CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIVERSITY · PI COHEN, SHELDON A · 2011 to 2015
$1.5M
NCCIH NIH HHS R01 AT006694NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL089850
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this article, we argued that the term stress has served as a valuable heuristic, helping researchers to integrate traditions that illuminate different stages of the process linking stressful life events to disease. We provided a short history of three traditions in the study of stress: the epidemiological, psychological, and biological. The epidemiological tradition focuses on defining which circumstances and experiences are deemed stressful on the basis of consensual agreement that they constitute threats to social or physical well-being. The psychological tradition focuses on individuals' perceptions of the stress presented by life events on the basis of their appraisals of the threats posed and the availability of effective coping resources. The biological tradition focuses on brain-based perturbations of physiological systems that are otherwise essential for normal homeostatic regulation and metabolic control. The foci of these three traditions have informed elements of a stage model of disease, wherein events appraised as stressful are viewed as triggering affective states that in turn engender behavioral and biological responses having possible downstream implications for disease.

Indexed as

Models, PsychologicalStress, PsychologicalHumansstressstress and diseasestress mechanisms

Identifiers

PMID27474134
PMCPMC5647867

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.