ArticleBMC microbiology2016
Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of multiple antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exposed to subinhibitory levels of oxacillin and levofloxacin.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Assessment of the Impact of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Using a 635 nm Diode Laser and Toluidine Blue on the Susceptibility of Selected Strains ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Antibiofilm efficacy of emodin alone or combined with ampicillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Sub-MIC induces Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation without affecting the bacterial count.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Anti-virulence potential of iclaprim, a novel folic acid synthesis inhibitor, against Staphylococcus aureus.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Antibiotic Potentiation Through Phytochemical-Based Efflux Pump Inhibitors to Combat Multidrug Resistance Bacteria.Medicinal chemistry (Shariqah (United Arab Emirates)) · 2024Review
- Sub-MIC streptomycin and tetracycline enhancedBiofilm · 2023Article
- Ciprofloxacin enhances the biofilm formation ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Gene Expression ofArchives of Razi Institute · 2022Article
- Strong Biofilm Formation and Low Cloxacillin Susceptibility in Biofilm-Growing CC398Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Subinhibitory Cefotaxime and Levofloxacin Concentrations Contribute to Selection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Coculture with Staphylococcus aureus.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- Antibiotic Potentiators Against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: Discovery, Development, and Clinical Relevance.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Virulence alterations in staphylococcus aureus upon treatment with the sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics.Journal of advanced research · 2021Review
- The Role of Subinhibitory Concentrations of Daptomycin and Tigecycline in Modulating Virulence inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Biofilm-Related Infections in Gram-Positive Bacteria and the Potential Role of the Long-Acting Agent Dalbavancin.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Issues beyond resistance: inadequate antibiotic therapy and bacterial hypervirulence.FEMS microbes · 2020Review
- Antimicrobial and Antivirulence Action ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Essential Oil, Extracts, and Sesquiterpenes Obtained From the Heartwood ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
- The Role of Antibiotics in Modulating Virulence in Staphylococcus aureus.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe emergence and spread of multidrug resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MDR-MRSA) has serious health consequences in the presence of sub-MIC antibiotics. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate β-lactamase activity, efflux activity, biofilm formation, and gene expression pattern in Staphylococcus aureus KACC 10778, S. aureus ATCC 15564, and S. aureus CCARM 3080 exposed to sublethal concentrations of levofloxacin and oxacillin.
resultsThe decreased MICs were observed in S. aureus KACC and S. aureus ATCC when exposed to levofloxacin and oxacillin, while and S. aureus CCARM remained resistance to streptomycin (512 μg/mL) in the presence of levofloxacin and imipenem (>512 μg/mL) in the presence of oxacillin. The considerable increase in extracellular and membrane-bound β-lactamase activities was observed in S. aureus ATCC exposed to oxacillin (>26 μmol/min/mL). The antibiotic susceptibility of all strains exposed to EPIs (CCCP and PAβN) varied depending on the classes of antibiotics. The relative expression levels of adhesion-related genes (clfA, clfB, fnbA, fnnB, and icaD), efflux-related genes (norB, norC, and qacA/B), and enterotoxin gene (sec) were increased more than 5-fold in S. aureus CCARM. The eno and qacA/B genes were highly overexpressed by more than 12- and 9-folds, respectively, in S. aureus CCARM exposed to levofloxacin. The antibiotic susceptibility, lactamase activity, biofilm-forming ability, efflux activity, and gene expression pattern varied with the intrinsic antibiotic resistance of S. aureus KACC, S. aureus ATCC, and S. aureus CCARM exposed to levofloxacin and oxacillin.
conclusionsThis study would provide useful information for better understating of combination therapy related to antibiotic resistance mechanisms and open the door for designing effective antibiotic treatment protocols to prevent excessive use of antibiotics in clinical practice.
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