Evidence map›Paper›PMID 27472886›Full record

ArticleJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2016

The Identification of Aluminum in Human Brain Tissue Using Lumogallion and Fluorescence Microscopy.

Ambreen Mirza, Andrew King, Claire Troakes, Christopher Exley

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
17.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Macrophage-MediatedACS applied materials & interfaces · 2026
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  8. Observational
  9. Article
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  12. Article
  13. Probabilistic Risk Analysis to Assess Dietary Exposure to Aluminum in the Taiwanese Population.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Aluminium in Brain Tissue in Epilepsy: A Case Report from Camelford.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Article
  18. Intracellular Aluminium in Inflammatory and Glial Cells in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Case Report.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Aluminium in Brain Tissue in Multiple Sclerosis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Ambreen MirzaThe Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.
Andrew KingDepartment of Clinical Neuropathology, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Claire TroakesMRC London Neurodegenerative Diseases Brain Bank, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK.
Christopher ExleyThe Birchall Centre, Lennard-Jones Laboratories, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.
Keele University · GBKing's College London · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aluminum in human brain tissue is implicated in the etiologies of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. While methods for the accurate and precise measurement of aluminum in human brain tissue are widely acknowledged, the same cannot be said for the visualization of aluminum. Herein we have used transversely-heated graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry to measure aluminum in the brain of a donor with Alzheimer's disease, and we have developed and validated fluorescence microscopy and the fluor lumogallion to show the presence of aluminum in the same tissue. Aluminum is observed as characteristic orange fluorescence that is neither reproduced by other metals nor explained by autofluorescence. This new and relatively simple method to visualize aluminum in human brain tissue should enable more rigorous testing of the aluminum hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (and other neurological conditions) in the future.

Indexed as

AgedAluminumBenzenesulfonatesBrainBrain ChemistryHumansMaleMicroscopy, Fluorescence4-chloro-3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenylazo)-2-hydroxybenzene-1-sulfonic acidAluminumBenzenesulfonatesAluminumAlzheimer’s diseasebrain tissuefluorescence microscopylumogalliontransversely heated graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Identifiers

PMID27472886
PMCPMC5088403
OpenAlexW2503746280

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.