ArticleMedicine2016
Socioeconomic status in relation to Parkinson's disease risk and mortality: A population-based prospective study.
Article in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparative Analysis of the Incidence, Prevalence, and Survival of 8 Types of Parkinsonism in a Population-Based Study with 367 Million Person Years of Observation over 21 Years.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Observational
- Social Determinants of Health and Their Association With Parkinson's Disease Prevalence in US Adults: Insights From NHANES 2001-2020.Behavioural neurology · 2026Article
- Income, employment, and clinical outcomes in Parkinson's disease.Clinical parkinsonism & related disorders · 2026Article
- Community Disadvantage Is Associated With More Severe Motor Symptoms in Parkinson Disease.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Prediction of all-cause mortality in Parkinson's disease with explainable artificial intelligence using administrative healthcare data.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- Review
- Risk of impairment in cognitive instrumental activities of daily living for sexual and gender minority adults with reported Parkinson's disease.The Clinical neuropsychologist · 2025Article
- Race and ethnicity matter! Moving Parkinson's risk research towards diversity and inclusiveness.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Review
- Association between family poverty income ratio and Parkinson's disease in adults aged 40 and older: a study from NHANES 2003-2020.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- The association between cytomegalovirus infection and neurodegenerative diseases: a prospective cohort using UK Biobank data.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Risk of Parkinson's disease in people aged ≥50 years with new-onset anxiety: a retrospective cohort study in UK primary care.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2024Article
- Colonoscopy and Subsequent Risk of Parkinson's Disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Article
- Long-Lasting Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients with Parkinson's Disease and Their Relatives.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2023Article
- Promising Molecular Targets in Pharmacological Therapy for Neuronal Damage in Brain Injury.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Association between socioeconomic status and Parkinson's disease: findings from a large incident case-control study.BMJ neurology open · 2023Article
- Exploring the bidirectional causal link between household income status and genetic susceptibility to neurological diseases: findings from a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Risk of Parkinson Disease and Secondary Parkinsonism in Myocardial Infarction Survivors.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- Irritable bowel syndrome and subsequent risk of Parkinson's disease: a nationwide population-based matched-cohort study.Journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Associations between multimorbidity and adverse health outcomes in UK Biobank and the SAIL Databank: A comparison of longitudinal cohort studies.PLoS medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Little is known about the role of socioeconomic status in relation to Parkinson's disease (PD) risk, and no study has investigated whether the impact of socioeconomic status on all-cause mortality differs between individuals with and without PD.In this population-based prospective study, over 4.6 million Swedish inhabitants who participated in the Swedish census in 1980 were followed from 1981 to 2010. The incidence rate of PD and incidence rate ratio were estimated for the association between socioeconomic status and PD risk. Age-standardized mortality rate and hazard ratio (HR) were estimated for the association between socioeconomic status and all-cause mortality for individuals with and without PD.During follow-up, 66,332 incident PD cases at a mean age of 76.0 years were recorded. Compared to individuals with the highest socioeconomic status (high nonmanual workers), all other socioeconomic groups (manual or nonmanual and self-employed workers) had a lower PD risk. All-cause mortality rates were higher in individuals with lower socioeconomic status compared with high nonmanual workers, but relative risks for all-cause mortality were lower in PD patients than in non-PD individuals (e.g., for low manual workers, HR: 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.15 for PD patients; HR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.35-1.36 for non-PD individuals).Individuals with lower socioeconomic status had a lower PD incidence compared to the highest socioeconomic group. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher all-cause mortality among individuals with and without PD, but such impact was weaker among PD patients.
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