ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2017
Prescription opioid poisoning across urban and rural areas: identifying vulnerable groups and geographic areas.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Examining Ethnic and Racial Variations in Opioid-related Hospitalizations Using Western U.S. Electronic Health Records.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- Rates of Receiving Medication for Opioid Use Disorder and Opioid Overdose Deaths During the Early Synthetic Opioid Crisis: A County-level Analysis.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Article
- Spatial Patterns of Delivery Hospitalizations with Opioid Use Disorder in Pennsylvania.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Risk factors for persistent fatal opioid-involved overdose clusters in Massachusetts 2011-2021: a spatial statistical analysis with socio-economic, accessibility, and prescription factors.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association between trajectories of prescription opioid use and risk of opioid use disorder and overdose among US nonmetastatic breast cancer survivors.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Article
- An external exposome-wide association study of opioid use disorder diagnosed during pregnancy in Florida.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Opioid-Related Overdose Deaths in Texas.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Conceptualizing the Socio-Built Environment: An Expanded Theoretical Framework to Promote a Better Understanding of Risk for Nonmedical Opioid Overdose Outcomes in Urban and Non-Urban Settings.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Article
- Identifying Predictors of Opioid Overdose Death at a Neighborhood Level With Machine Learning.American journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Analysis of Opioid Poisoning in Medically Underserved Rural Areas: An Evaluation of International Statistical Classification of Diseases Codes from the State of South Dakota.Journal of addiction research & therapy · 2022Article
- Applying the NIA Health Disparities Research Framework to Identify Needs and Opportunities in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Research.The journal of pain · 2022Review
- Multiscale dimensions of county-level disparities in opioid use disorder rates among older Medicare beneficiaries.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- The relationship between patients' income and education and their access to pharmacological chronic pain management: A scoping review.Canadian journal of pain = Revue canadienne de la douleur · 2022Article
- Association between county-level sociodemographic characteristics and county-level differences in opioid dispensing.Preventive medicine reports · 2021Article
- Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Association Between Pain Management Clinic Laws and Opioid Prescribing and Overdose Deaths.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Article
- A Demographic and Regional Comparison of Opioid-Related Hospital Visits within Community Type in the United States.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Assessing opioid overdose risk: a review of clinical prediction models utilizing patient-level data.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Methodological approaches for the prediction of opioid use-related epidemics in the United States: a narrative review and cross-disciplinary call to action.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Longitudinal Dose Trajectory Among Patients Tapering Long-Term Opioids.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2021Article
- Incorporating space and time into random forest models for analyzing geospatial patterns of drug-related crime incidents in a major U.S. metropolitan area.Computers, environment and urban systems · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo determine (1) whether prescription opioid poisoning (PO) hospital discharges spread across space over time, (2) the locations of 'hot-spots' of PO-related hospital discharges, (3) how features of the local environment contribute to the growth in PO-related hospital discharges and (4) where each environmental feature makes the strongest contribution.
designHierarchical Bayesian Poisson space-time analysis to relate annual discharges from community hospitals to postal code characteristics over 10 years.
settingCalifornia, USA.
participantsResidents of 18 517 postal codes in California, 2001-11. MEASUREMENTS: Annual postal code-level counts of hospital discharges due to PO poisoning were related to postal code pharmacy density, measures of medical need for POs (i.e. rates of cancer and arthritis-related hospital discharges), economic stressors (i.e. median household income, percentage of families in poverty and the unemployment rate) and concentration of manual labor industries.
findingsPO-related hospital discharges spread from rural and suburban/exurban 'hot-spots' to urban areas. They increased more in postal codes with greater pharmacy density [rate ratio (RR) = 1.03; 95% credible interval (CI) = 1.01, 1.05], more arthritis-related hospital discharges (RR = 1.08; 95% CI = 1.06, 1.11), lower income (RR = 0.85; 95% CI = 0.83, 0.87) and more manual labor industries (RR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.10, 1.19 for construction; RR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.04, 1.20 for manufacturing industries). Changes in pharmacy density primarily affected PO-related discharges in urban areas, while changes in income and manual labor industries especially affected PO-related discharges in suburban/exurban and rural areas.
conclusionsHospital discharge rates for prescription opioid (PO) poisoning spread from rural and suburban/exurban hot-spots to urban areas, suggesting spatial contagion. The distribution of age-related and work-place-related sources of medical need for POs in rural areas and, to a lesser extent, the availability of POs through pharmacies in urban areas, partly explain the growth of PO poisoning across California, USA.
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